Sunday, September 30, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Chris Robinson

Chris Robinson is an Ottawa-based author and the Artistic Director of the Ottawa International Animation Festival (OIAF). A noted animation commentator, curator, and historian, Robinson has become a leading expert on Canadian and international independent animation. In May 2004, Robinson was the recipient of the President's Award given by the New York chapter of animators for contributions to the promotion of independent animation. He is also a frequent contributor to The Ottawa Citizen and The Ottawa Xpress. His writings on animation, hockey, and all facets of culture have appeared in many international publications including Salon.com, Animation World Magazine, Stop Smiling, Take One, and Cinemascope. His books include: Between Genius and Utter Illiteracy: A Story of Estonian Animation(2003/republished in 2006), Ottawa Senators: Great Stories from the NHL's First Dynasty (2004), Unsung Heroes of Animation (2005), Stole This From a Hockey Card: A Philosophy of Hockey, Doug Harvey, Identity & Booze (2005), Great Left Wingers of Hockey's Golden Era (2006) and The Animation Pimp (2007).

Robinson lives in Ottawa with his wife Kelly and their sons Jarvis and Harrison.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

It gave me a bit of confidence. Before the first one (which was a book on the popular topic of Estonian animation!), I was scared of the idea of writing a book and didn't think I had the energy or focus (since I'm ADD) to do it...but I did it.

2 - How long have you lived in Ottawa, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

Ottawa is all over my work because I've lived her my whole life (40 years). It's especially present in Stole This From a Hockey Card and The Animation Pimp because I write very personal experiences..and they can't help but come from Ottawa. As for race and gender, they definitely come into play on the two books I mentioned above. Stole This delves into masculinity and some Pimp columns talk bluntly about sexuality, gender and race--and how they are portrayed and mishandled in many animation features (notably Disney films). And naturally my own race and gender can't help put inform my views!

3 - Where does a piece of fiction or non-fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I think that with the exception of Stole This and my two hired gun hockey books (Ottawa Senators, Great Left Wingers), my other books started as smaller pieces. The Animation Pimp was just a series of columns. I would write one a month never knowing if it would be the last. I certainly never thought they'd be a book...but in the end it made sense that they were a book because they formed a view by a person of a specific time and place.

Stole This From a Hockey Card was a book from the get-go, but I was never sure what path it was going to take. Would it be straight biography? That was initially the plan until I learned that there was a biography of Doug Harvey being published. That turned out to be the best thing that ever happened because it forced me to come up with a new approach. I think that saved my ass from writing some generic hockey bio.

But you know Stole This went way back to the late 1990s and a desire to write about another hockey player Ted Lindsay. I loved Nick Tosches' biographies and wanted to take his approach to hockey players...mix it up with fact/fiction (but with the fiction saying more truth than the fiction)... But then I found that Lindsay wasn't so interesting off the ice. At the same time, I grabbed some files on Doug Harvey and boom...instant connection.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Boy...I'd say they are counter to a degree although in the case of The Animation Pimp, I'd written many of the columns to be read aloud. I always read each one to myself to check the rhythm and tone... So it's been really nice to get a chance to read from the book.

Stole This was more awkward. It's such a personal book that deals--among many things-- with addiction and alcoholism-- and my first reading was at a bar. That was pretty damn strange. It was also somewhat painful to read Stole This aloud to strangers. In general, I don't like readings. I find most of them quite dull and tedious. But I guess it's necessary for book signings/sales.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I'm in a constant state --whether I'm writing a hired fluff book about the Ottawa Senators (which I've done) or with more personal books-- of finding myself...of trying to figure out just what the heck I'm doing here and what I think of what I experience around me. I'm also so fascinated with the people I write about...with animators I'm less concerned with their work then with what kind of people they are..BUT I have to find a connection...a door that I can enter..something that I recognize about them. So, with Stole This, I'm basically using Doug Harvey's life to sort my own shit out. So, really, identity is a common theme throughout my writing. How do we define ourselves? How do others define us? Is identity even possible? It seems to me that it's a constantly moving entity that's always changing. Who I was last week, I am not this week.

Heraclitus, my fave philosopher once simply said, "I am as I am not." I love that contradiction.. the idea that the world is not black and white..that it all flows from the same vat. People are not THIS or THAT..they are THIS and THAT... We can all be good and evil.. BUT it's up to us to choose which will guide our life. In that sense, I think it all comes down to taking responsibility for your self, your life (This is a theme I'm exploring deeply in my next book)

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I've had all sort of different scenarios here. With Stole This and The Animation Pimp, I had great editors and there was always constructive dialogue going on, give and take on both ends. With the hockey fluff books, I had to write in a house style and just didn't give a shit what they did to the writing. With Unsung Heroes of Animation and Between Genius and Utter Illiteracy: Estonian Animation, I had no editor! That was a pain in the ass because I can't edit/proof my own work. I need someone to really challenge me --even if I get pissed off occasionally. Fortunately, I did find a friend to edit/proof the books...but in short...my happiest experiences has been working with editors on Stole This and The Pimp. You're working with people who like you're writing and support your work. They're on your side so it really helps knowing that and keeps me from taking things too personally.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Creating the book always seems easier than actually getting the damn thing published. That being said, I've been pretty damn lucky because I've attained a bit of a status in animation and found publishers...publishers who let me get away with writing books that are and are not about animation (like The Animation Pimp). But, I do feel I'm getting pigeonholed into the animation corner and I will put an end to that soonish.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Hmm...well I just bought pears today--but havent eaten one. Hold on...okay...I'm currently eating a pear.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Richard Meltzer once told me that writing is for dogs. There's nothing romantic about it. So many people (including myself at one point) love to believe that writing is some drunken romantic adventure. It aint. And one of my favourite lines is from William Faulkner where he said something like "I don't want know what I think about something until I read what I wrote about it."

And Nick Tosches has repeatedly told me to keep fighting and not let the bastards get to me. --but that's my approach to life in general.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (fiction to creative non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

Very easy because I don't even consider the two genres. I just freely move back and forth between the two. Sometimes I think my non-fiction is better fiction than any fiction I could devise.

What I love about fiction --within this creative non-fiction genre- is that it can convey more truths about a subject than any amount of facts can. That's what I adored about Nick Tosche's Dino (about Dean Martin)...the fictional dialogue that Tosches wrote for Dino said so much more about the essence of the man than any standard fact tomb could.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I've got no routine. I do get most of my writing done during the morning...but then sometimes it'll happen later in the day. I used to get so frustrated because I couldn't get focused...but I just learned to incorporate that into the process. So when I'm making coffee, watching Columbo or going for a jog, it's all part of the process...it's the period where the ideas are percolating. I find that jogging is amazingly helpful. I can write pages in my head or solve problems. Running really helps me get the muck out of my system and see more clearly. But beyond that I'm a lazy sod. I've written about six books in 4 years (and have contracts for 4 more books) and I don't know how the fuck I've done it. Granted, being sober helps a lot!

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I think I answered this above. Running, boxing, xbox, tv... Just something to clear the head for a bit. Even a good dump can generate a satori.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

This was much looser. The Pimp pieces were done with a smile...but I really had fun writing them. I remember that there were one column where I spent hours reading Immanuel Kant and Pierre Bourdieu just so I could write a 'gonzo' thing about taste and write it in everyday language. In other cases I just fucked around with formatting. I was bringing in dada, beat, gonzo, concrete poetry... Just testing out all these new things. It wasn't all that original but within animation --a surprisingly conservative world-- it was all quite radical and different... Anyway, it was just so much fun writing these pieces.

Stole This was certainly not fun. I was writing about my addiction, my childhood, my fears...I was bashing Canada's beloved sport..and I was writing a very different kind of hockey book. It was all very intimidating...and really Stole This was my first REAL book...something written for the literary crowd....

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

Nick Tosches and Richard Meltzer are the two biggest influences. I love the writing they did in the 1970s...this crazy music criticism that stood out from all the generic stuff being written. William Faulkner is another one. I just love that guy's run on sentences. Absalom Absalom has some of the most mouth watering passages I've ever come across in writing. There are others like Hubert Selby, Paul Auster, Philip Roth, but Tosches, Meltzer and Faulkner are my big three. Someone who read my Pimp pieces said that I was doing gonzo writing. I knew of gonzo and Hunter Thompson, but hadn't really read any of it. I have now and I yeah, I guess I've got some of those gonzo and beat (Kerouac in particular) genes. Oh so typical guy stuff.

Outside of literature, the philosophy of Heraclitus ...and the Gospel of Thomas have really helped me shape my life. I really want to be a philosopher when I grow up. I'd say though that music is all over what I do. I grew up loving music, playing in local bands, wanting to be a musician...so it makes sense that music touches my writing. These days Robert Pollard, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bob Dylan (I used to hate him as a youngster), and, yes, Ol' Dirty Bastard are what I listen to obsessively. Jackson Pollack is another distant influence and hell, animation is around me all the fucking time whether I want it or not. There are many animators who've had a big influence on me...

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Meet my half brother who is 4 months younger than me.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

Hmm... A cab driver (cause I could then drive like an asshole and get away with it) or homicide detective.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Boy...i dunno..it was just there...it's just an itch that had to be scratched. It's so strange to me that animation (I never cared for cartoons) led me back to writing (something I did have a love for when I was a kid). I still don't even always believe that I am a writer. But the fucker just wont go away..wont let me be. I just have to. I'm a bit of awkward person socially and this is the only way I know how to communicate with the world..and maybe even myself.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Last great film was an animation short from japan called Kafka's A Country Doctor. It deservedly won the Grand Prix at the Ottawa Animation Festival this year (my other job). Stunningly original adaptation of the Kafka short story. Beyond that most of the great films today are television shows. Curb Your Enthusiasm, The Wire and Deadwood. Great stuff.

As for books... Boy.. Great ones... Been a while since I read a book that I really wanted to read again. Maybe Elaine Pagels' book on The Birth of Satan. She's written a number of books about religion and I find her take on things quite rational and fascinating.

19 - What are you currently working on?

I'm working on a handful of projects including a script for a short animation being produced by the National film Board of Canada. It's inspired by the rather somber of life of experimental filmmaker Arthur Lipsett. Again, it's a story where I've worked my own shit into the equation. Basically it's about mental illness/suicide and identity.

I've also started on a second script about marriage and relationships and how twisted, tragic, absurd and hilarious they can be. Both of these projects are in collaboration with Montreal animator, Theodore Ushev.

Looking for a Place to Happen: On The Road with Canadian animators is a consciously gonzo take on the current state of Canadian animation. I traveled the country earlier this year and interviewed many Canadian animators. The book will fuse these casual interviews with my travel diary. And again...all the usual themes reappear in it. The book will be ready for Fall 2008

Ballad of a Thin Man: animation, fathers and Ryan is a project I've worked on for a few years now. It's a bit of a sequel to Stole This From a Hockey Card in that instead of dealing with my childhood and my parents...this time I recount my encounters with my biological father--who I met the same week I met the troubled late animator Ryan Larkin (who went from star animator to drunk living on the streets of Montreal). Through these two figures I explore issues of certainty, saviours and responsibility. Also entering the story are Bob Dylan (who was seen as a bit of a saviour himself in the 1960s--an era that informed my biopops and Ryan Larkin) and Jesus (through the Gospels of Thomas and Philip). It'll be a crazy book but I think it could be the best thing I've done. This should be out next summer???

There are also a couple of other more 'normal' animation books, but let's not think about those for the moment.

There we have it. Thanks for asking.

Saturday, September 29, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with KI Press

Bio: I was born in the hospital in Peace River, Alberta. For most of the years until I was 14 I lived on an acreage near the hamlet of North Star and went to school in nearby Manning (for those of you not in Alberta who don't know where I am talking about, Manning is about a 6 or 7 hour drive north and slightly west of Edmonton). I moved to Edmonton the same year I started high school and went to the U of A, then the U of Ottawa, then the U of A again, then Simon Fraser for a year, then I moved to Toronto and worked mainly in the "big-time" book publishing industry there. It was during that time I published my first two books of poetry. Pale Red Footprints (Pedlar, 2001) is a re-telling of my grandfather's private memoir (it's a pioneer narrative, mostly). Spine (Gaspereau, 2004, shortlisted for the Pat Lowther Award) is a collection of poems around the theme of being a reader. I moved to Winnipeg in 2005 where I now pay the bills by working in the glamorous field of arts administration (at the Winnipeg Folk Festival, which kicks butt by the way). My most recent book is Types of Canadian Women (Gaspereau, 2006, shortlisted for the Pat Lowther Award and for the ReLit Award). It is poetry and short prose fragments and archival photographs pretending to be an illustrated biographical dictionary from 100 years ago. I live in Winnipeg's River Heights area with my sweetheart and our dog.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

"Change your life" is a pretty strong phrase for something like publishing a first book of poetry. A few people perhaps started to take me more seriously, but only a few people who cared about that kind of thing. Some people maybe started to take me less seriously for all I know.

2 - How long have you lived in Winnipeg, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I have lived in Winnipeg for two years. I don't think its geography has impacted my writing. I don't often write about my surroundings directly, and I don't think I do it indirectly, either. Race and gender, yes, well, but do you mean mine or everybody else's? My own race and gender do clearly impact my writing. Types of Canadian Women is all about the secret lives of boring white chicks.

3 - Where does a poem or piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

Occasionally I will write a poem out of an experience, or idea or feeling or opinion that seems like it ought to be a poem. But more often I start with a larger idea that I think of as, if not book-length to begin with, then at least longpoem- or series-lenth. Partly this is just because I don't often get those ideas that I want to latch on to and write about - so I have to milk the ones I get as much as possible, doing variations on a theme. It also has to do with having written too many grant application project proposals.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Neither, they are just separate.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

Theoretical concerns: not exactly, not in a way that other people might define "theoretical." I am interesting in trying to escape convention; I can hardly stand to read books that I find too conventional anymore, in poetry and in fiction, and some of them are critically acclaimed, award-winning blah blah blah, but I get part way through and go "what, that's IT, haven't I read all this heartfelt lyricism before?" Not to say that I don't also fall victim to convention; it is not easy to be original. And there are plenty of other conventions to be wary of other than heartfelt lyricism. But I would say that is the number one "concern" behind my writing.

A question I am trying to answer: what are the effects on the present of the way in which history was recorded and has been passed down? This can apply to our personal/family histories or to broader history. I've only defined this question recently but I think I have been working at it through all my books.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I think it is essential, but I wish that editors would be harder on me, they seem to ask so little! I don't think I have ever caved to an editorial request that I didn't agree with. Even the relatively small amount that I have been edited, sometimes I just come back and say "no," but I only do so if I can articulate my reason for keeping something. In that way even the comments that don't get used are useful, because I have to articulate my reasons for doing something a certain way.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the past few years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Book-making, as in publishing, is the same. There is no mystery in it for me, though, since I have studied book publishing and worked in it professionally. I find writing books harder at present. After having published a few, I feel like I need to go for gold so to speak and write something bigger, more ambitious. But then I have also gotten to the point in my life where there is a mortgage and a dog and shingles practically falling off the roof so it is exactly the time when I can't afford to not be gainfully employed!

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I didn't eat a whole pear, but the other day I used some pears that were getting mushy along with the last of the rhubarb to make a crumble with oats and almonds on top, I ate some, it was pretty good, but I put too much orange blossom water in it (it was an experiment).

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

The only piece of advice I can remember at all right now is "Take everything seriously, but nothing personally." There's a guy at work who is always complaining to me about stuff and that is his way of softening the blow. Still, I guess it is good advice, but only in certain contexts. I can think of a lot of things that don't deserve to be taken seriously at all.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to fiction to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

Not too easy, but in the end I would prefer to work between genres, in the land of no genre. A lot of the pieces in Types of Canadian Women I don't consider to be poetry at all, but they certainly aren't short stories. I would like to do more in that direction. (A book I read last year that I liked for its between-genre-ness was called VL (Vera & Linus) by Jesse Ball and Thordis Bjornsdottir.) In the end you just have to call it something - poetry, usually, because the name is more elastic than "novel" or "short fiction" -- for official purposes. Part of why I am stuck on the novel I talk about in question #12 is because I am SO bored with the regular old novel structure it currently lives in.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I rarely write when I have a proper job. I might get a burst of writing energy one weekend here or there. Mostly I write in bursts of a few weeks or months at a time when I get a grant or a residency. As such, years can go by with my hardly writing anything, then all of the sudden I will produce a draft of a new book. If I do have a good draft, though, I find it much easier to work on revisions on a regular basis. It is the creating new work that I find takes a lot of concentrated energy.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Usually I have several projects going at one time, until I get to the period I describe in question 11 where I choose one and write the heck out of it. So if I get stalled I figure it is because I am not working on the right project, and I move on to a different one, possibly coming back to the other one later. Actually that happened to me recently, during my last writing period (almost a year ago now) I finished a draft of a novel, but I am stuck on it so I have started a new project for now. (I have a very short attention span, which is why I may never finish writing a "novel"!)

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

I get a different feel off of each of my three books. The first was maybe slightly peculiar and passed through the world without much comment, so it gives me the feeling of untapped potential, or the poor little book that could. The second book was my most conventional so far and I think about it, "Man, I should have worked harder to do something more original there." The third one is different because of the whole faux-1903 concept and in that it got a lot more reviews that the other ones, so I think about it, "I guess a couple more people paid attention. But is that an illusion? Was it just kind of goofy? Now what?"

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Man, that is a tough one, because my books come so directly and transparently from other books that it is hard to make room for other stuff. I would have to say photography is the runner-up, then music. Popular music.

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

A.J. Levin is pretty important to life outside my work. (Hi!)

Kristjana Gunnars' books have been important to me, it's funny, I studied with her at the U of A but her writing didn't hit me until after. I did my M.A. on Lola Lemire Tostevin, her books influenced me a lot, especially my first book, which I wrote at the same time I was doing my thesis.

16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Win the lottery.

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be?

Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?
Since I do have to have another job, and I am writer only part time, the question kind of doesn't make sense. But I do often think that I missed a calling as a librarian. I love organizing things, and data entry! And if it has to do with books, so much the better!

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

I had a lot of arty hobbies as child, and I read a lot, so writing became one of them. I think I found out early on that I was better at writing than, say, drawing, or music, or theatre, and so it became the most reliable and rewarding way to express myself. Nothing like positive reinforcement.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

"Great book" is a strong phrase. There are a lot of books I have liked, but few that I get blown away by. A few years ago I read Ciaran Carson's novel Shamrock Tea, which I never stopped raving about. It's in 101 short chapters, each named for a colour of paint. The book is about time travel, Irish nationalism, drug use, Wittgenstein, the Lives of the Saints, and the Arnolfini Wedding Portrait. I adore it.

With movies, I usually just watch whatever is on even if it is terrible. It's all kind of a blur, I watch a lot of movies (on TV or DVD, not in theatres). I can't think of a great movie I watched recently for the first time, but the other night I did watch Psycho, which I hadn't seen for a long time. Anthony Perkins is so great!

20 - What are you currently working on?

I am in a strange burst of quasi-writing right now, in all my spare moments I am working on planning a project that has to do with travelling around the world and through history. It involves pouring over timelines and atlases and a complicated Excel spreadsheet. It's an insane project that would take a massive amount of research to complete and which I may never actually write, but it's a heck of a lot of fun to organize all the information (see what I mean about being a librarian?).

12 or 20 questions archive

Thursday, September 27, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Michael Dennis

Born in London, Ontario, 1956. Published several books, most recently Arrows of Desire, General Store Publishing House, 2006. Lives and works in Ottawa.

Photo courtesy John W. MacDonald

1 - How did your first book change your life?

It didn't. Not really. It went virtually unnoticed except by thoseI forced it on. Like everyone else I had totally unrealistic fantasy type notions about what might happen. Of course the poetry wasn't that great either.

2 - How long have you lived in Ottawa, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I've lived in Ottawa for over twenty years. It is a surprise to me. When I moved here it was reluctantly. But over the years I've come to love living here. It's changed quite a bit over time.

Geography isn't something I consider. Neither is race or gender. Not in any direct way.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

Any number of places. A phrase from another poem, song, book, movie, conversation. It's never the same thing. I wish I knew what the trigger was.

I rarely write "related" poems although it's not something I avoid. I don't have a big plan at work most of the time. Generally I work on one poem and then the next without much thought of what came before or what is to follow.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I like the contact with the audience at readings but I don't think readings are a barometer of much.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

Nope. I want to write good poems. Good stories.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I don't find it difficult at all. Every editor I've ever worked with has made my work better. I like the process.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

I worry about it less and less.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Never. Don't like pears. Love the shape, love the colour. Don't like the fruit. It's like eating sugary sawdust.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

The American poet Donald Hall said "don't ever do anything you don't want to do". That may not be the exact quote.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

Don't really have a routine. More like cyclical periods. I don't panic about fallow times as much as I used to. When I talk to friends who write it always seems like I'm producing a reasonable amount.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I like to read Auden when I get stalled. Or Bukowski. I watch a lot of movies. Listen to music.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

My latest book, Arrows of Desire, is a book of erotica. Or at least it is supposed to be. I don't usually have a fixed theme to my books. This one was special. But it doesn't feel any different. It was as ignored as any of the others.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Hard to argue with David McFadden. I agree with Stuart Ross in his assessment of David. He is our most under-appreciated poet.

So he is entirely right. Books come from books and then also from everywhere else. It is all influencing you all the time. The news, music, art, friends.

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

I'm a big fan of Canadian poets. Just reread Karen Solie's most excellent Short Haul Engine.

There are so many more out there. I love the big guns Purdy, Cohen, Layton, Birney and that whole gang.

Toronto poet Stuart Ross is a big influence.

Auden, Bukowski, Szymborska. I could make a big list.

Sharon Olds is someone I've been reading lately. She writes perfect poems.


I wouldn't know where to stop. There are so many writers I quite simply love.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Learn piano.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I enjoy driving. I've worked as a cab driver, chauffeur, drove truck. In my fantasy world maybe I would have been a racing car driver.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

I wanted to live an interesting life. All the writers I admired seemed to do the most wonderous things.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?


Pans Labyrynth was a hoot. So was The Last Mimzy.

19 - What are you working on now?

A book called You Must Remember Beauty When They Point The Gun. More poems. Go figure.

Wednesday, September 26, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Tsering Wangmo Dhompa

Tsering Wangmo Dhompa was raised in India and Nepal. Tsering received MA’s from University of Delhi, University of Massachussetts and her MFA in Creative Writing from San Francisco State University. Her first book of poems, Rules of the House, published by Apogee Press in 2002 was a finalist for the Asian American Literary Awards in 2003. Her most recent book In the Absent Everday, is also from Apogee Press. Other publications include two chapbooks, In Writing the Names (A.bacus, Potes & Poets Press) and Recurring Gestures (Tangram Press).

Tsering works for a San Francisco based non-profit foundation that provides humanitarian aid to people of the Himalayas.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

It made me think more about the action of writing – to be more committed to thinking a little bit more about what and how I write. Some days I forget. Some days I remember.

2 - How long have you lived in San Francisco, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I came to San Francisco in August 1996 so this is the longest length of time I’ve lived in one city. The shape and smells of this city is slowly becoming recognizable; for a long time I felt I was in Asia even while being physically in America. My body was still thinking of the other places. Race and gender do make an impact on my work because being a woman and being a Tibetan refugee has meant I had to adhere to some guidelines in society especially with regard to citizenship, language, rights, order. As a child in a boarding school, I was often reminded by some teachers that I was a Tibetan refugee (they were trying to convert me to Christianity I suppose). I recognized shame then, for being a Tibetan refugee and being poorer than other students. The other students never cared and slowly I learned to ignore the teachers. I don’t write with race and gender in mind but it informs the life I’ve lived and the choices I’ve had so far so it is there.

3 – Where does a poem/piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I begin with an image or a thought. I write when I can which means ten minutes during a break at my desk, or for a longer period of time at home in the evenings. I follow no project or idea, just what is available in the moment I sit to write. Only recently, while looking over what I’ve written so far this year, I began to feel that I need a framework to see the work and for the work to see each other. I am now thinking of the notion of a “book” from the very beginning. It is a new concept for me and I cannot see very far. I am unsure about what I’m doing but that is all right with me.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I read when I’m invited and it is helpful to hear the words out loud. Often I delete lines after a reading because I don’t like how it sounds, how the breath is unable to accommodate the words or thoughts of that line. I enjoy hearing others read. And better, still, if they read each poem twice.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What Kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

There are always questions and sometimes I’m hoping the poem to approach these questions that seem unrelated to the poem. Much of the time I cannot even articulate the question properly – thoughts on impermanence, meaning in language which supposes meaning in everything, what comes after and before a thought, an act. So many questions so the poems begin to sound alike to me. Maybe that is because I haven’t reached the heart of the question.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I am not sure I understand the question and that must have to do with my habit of not sending my work out to other writers. I tend to be a hasty editor and don’t know who I’d send my work to as my closest friends are not poetry readers. They’re supportive but they are not sure they understand my work. The editors for my books are very supportive and extremely generous so my experience with them is good.

7 - After having published a couple of titles over the past few years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

The process of writing remains laborious but having work already published is an encouragement to continue. I am not a fretful person so I try and write and if I can’t then I do something else, cook for friends, go walking, read.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I definitely remember eating a green pear at work. A few months ago?

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

My mother would tell me often that I would suffer less in life if I kept my expectations from people and life to the minimum. She was a wise woman. She meant I should expect myself to do and be capable of anything but not expect others to fulfill my wishes. I think on this all the time.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I have a cup of chai and then walk four miles to work. Yes, even in San Francisco I can pretend I am walking in the Himalayas. I try to write during the day for ten minute chunks if I can but generally I write at home in the evening. An hour, or at best two, if I am fortunate. On weekends, I like to write in the mornings.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I go to my bookshelf and read the words of Myung Mi Kim, Michael Palmer, Wordworth, Keats, Charles Olson and quite often, I’ll open a page, any page to Michael Ondaatje’s In the skin of the Lion. And I go for a walk. I do a lot of my thinking during my walks.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Geographically I felt more distant from “home.” My breath was shorter which was reflected in my language.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, Science or visual art?

Yes, books from books. From flowers, jungles, music but very often from words.

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

The poets I read as a child – Wordsworth, Keats – and as mentioned earlier Myung Mi Kim, Michael Palmer. I love fiction and I am indebted to many novels for my interest in language.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Oh, so many things I’d like to do. Right now I’d love to take a month to walk – go backpacking somewhere, so many places I’d like to be walking.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

A doctor. I was all set to study to be one after I graduated from high school and my mother and my aunt dissuaded me – something to do with all the animals I would have to kill and dissect. I don’t know why they focused on that but they did. They forgot I’d be able to help many animals and people too once I was done with dissecting animals. Silly me, now that I think on it.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

I am working full time for a non-profit organization but yes, I know what you mean. I don’t know, I just wrote. It was something I fell into when I was about eleven and I kept a book and filled it every year with poems.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Most recently I’d have to say (there are others that came close enough) Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found by Suketu Mehta. La Haine – the film stayed with me for days.

19 - What are you currently working on?

For the last four years I’ve been writing a non-fiction travel/memoir on Tibet. The book focuses on a nomadic region in Eastern Tibet. I really enjoy working on it. I’m writing poems with the idea of a “book.” I have no title but have a sense of what the book is questioning.

12 or 20 questions archive

Monday, September 24, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Pattie McCarthy

Pattie McCarthy is the author of bk of (h)rs (2002) and Verso (2004), both from Apogee Press. She did an M.A. in Creative Writing—Poetry at Temple University. She has taught literature and creative writing at Queens College—CUNY, Loyola College in Maryland, Towson University, the University of the Arts and Temple University. She lives in Philadelpia with her husband, Kevin Varrone, and their 9 month old son, Emmett.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

When bk of (h)rs was published, I felt supported. I felt like someone took me seriously. No small thing, that. & I found the book—as an object—very pleasing. I didn’t think I would ever have such a good idea again (this fear hangs around still).

2 - How long have you lived in Philadelphia, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I grew up (from the age of 3 until I left for college at 18) in the Philadelphia suburbs. I lived in Philadelphia again from 1996 - 98 while at Temple for the M.A. Then we moved back to Philly in 2004. Geography— meaning here the physical features of Philadelphia— is very important to my work if only because this is a very walkable city, and I spend an awful lot of time walking it. Walking is a kind of thinking toward writing. Also, there are so many poets who are important to me here— Chris & Jenn McCreary, Frank Sherlock, CA Conrad, Sarah Dowling, Jena Osman, Rachel Blau DuPlessis, Ron Silliman, hassen, Tom Devaney— I should also add Kevin Varrone (since we’re married, I’d hope we’d live in the same city regardless). The poetry community here is fabulous & of great value to me. Also, I find Philadelphia to be quite beautiful. Though I was born in Baltimore— a city I have now left 3 times for Philly— I am truly from Philadelphia.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I confess that I am always working on a book from the beginning. This makes throwing something out very painful— because the project gets very big & then I realize it’s terrible. Since my son was born 9 months ago, the chunks of writing I get done at any one sitting have gotten much smaller. I suppose it is going to take me much longer this time to finish the book (& I think I was a very slow writer before). I thought I might work on shorter pieces after he was born, but I immediately started thinking about how to make those shorter chunks into a larger project. There is a great deal of research involved in my writing process, & the research structure of a book— or sometimes even just an area of research I have been wanting to do— usually takes shape very early in the writing.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Readings I attend (not those I give) are important because I am addicted to books & I think I need to hear poetry more often. Readings that I give— ? I don’t know how to answer this question. I never write anything new for a reading, but I do revise & rework poems for readings. Readings are often quite instructive when I realize I would be embarrassed or anxious or lukewarm about reading a particular poem or section in public.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I am trying to answers questions about history, about sources, about dictionaries, about etymology, about the use & disuse of words. There are theoretical & practical concerns— lately the practical are more pressing.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I show my work to Kevin first. & then usually I show it to Jenn McCreary & Barbara Cole. Their ideas & opinions & questions are important— if they have time to comment in that way. Perhaps I have internalized their voices & they— along with Rachel Blau DuPlessis, from whom I learned so much— form a little imaginary chorus I hear in my head as I edit, trying to imagine what they would think or say or advise. It is nice & good to get the work in front of other eyes, for me, whether or not this results in some kind of editorial commentary.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Easier.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I can’t say. In fact, I couldn’t swear that I have eaten a pear ever.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

In her new manuscript ab ovo, Jenn McCreary quotes Rachel Blau DuPlessis :
“I’m going to tell you something Frances Jaffer told me, just before my daughter
arrived: ‘It’s going to seem like you’ll never think another thought. But you will.’”

I think they are all lying.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I used to write in the morning— coffee, cigarettes, lovely. The day typically begins for me around 5:00 or so, nursing Emmett. He determines the day’s schedule, really. There is no set time for writing. Kevin & I are going to try setting aside Fridays (when neither of us teach) for writing & other like work, dividing the day in half. I confess : I miss cigarettes.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I re-read Susan Howe’s The Europe of Trusts. Or I read some history. My current manuscript had stalled (this is years ago, 2001 maybe, I’ve been working on this one for ages) & I came across the book Wonders and the Order of Nature by Lorraine Daston & Katharine Park in St Mark’s Bookshop. I’d been writing a piece called wonder. Very lucky. Or another lucky time— I was flailing around, looking for an organization principle for a manuscript (this is right around when Verso was published) & I came across a facsimile of Robert Cawdrey’s 1604 dictionary A Table Alphabetical of Hard Usual English Words. I found it in the library at Towson University, where I was teaching at the time. I don’t know what I was looking for originally. Suddenly the dictionary as a guide to organization made perfect sense— & I stole his title, abridged.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Verso was looser than bk of (h)rs. More expansive. I missed the narrow focus of bk, but in the end I think Verso is more even because of its broader range. Someone said that Verso is more “personal.”

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

My books do mainly come from books. They also come from city walking. They also come from visual art. I’ve tried (too hard) to have musical forms influence my work, as yet to little success.

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

All of the writers already mentioned. Williams, Loy, Ugresic, Sebald, Markson— these are all in a stack beside me because I am teaching them currently. This morning I wrote a course description for next semester— I think I’ll use its tentative reading list to answer this question :
Charles Bernstein, Anselm Berrigan, Jules Boykoff, Laynie Browne, Barbara Cole, Brenda Coultas, Rachel Blau DuPlessis, Tonya Foster, Noah Eli Gordon, Fanny Howe, Susan Howe, Jenn McCreary, Mark McMorris, Semezdin Mehmedinovic, Carol Mirakove, Erin Mouré, Paul Muldoon, Harryette Mullen, Claudia Rankine, Lisa Robertson, Kaia Sand, Eleni Sikelianos, Cole Swensen, and Karen Weiser.

During the semester, I don’t get to read much ‘for pleasure.’ Fortunately, as the writers named above demonstrate, I am fortunate to be able to teach writers whose work interests me & is important to me. Since it is currently during-the-semester, this is the only way I can answer this question.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

In relation to writing ? I’d like to write a place-specific series in Prague or Warsaw. This has been kicking around my head for a while. This means I have to go there, bonus.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I thought for a long time that I would be a lawyer. The study of law appeals to me— the practice of it, not so much. Besides, my brother is a lawyer & so the family is covered in that respect— clearly we needed a poet.

I love teaching & wouldn’t want to do anything else. I feel particularly devoted to Temple & my students there. I am currently an adjunct, which is not a long-term workable system. So I guess I am going to have to think about what other occupation I would like to attempt. I used to want to be a libranian too— but I’ve heard that job market is as tough as the academic market. No sense trading one madness for another that’s much the same.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

The short— but a bit too cute— answer is that I have always written— I have no memory of not thinking about myself as a writer, even when I was a little kid. Clearly, though, this isn’t a reason to do anything. When I realized I didn’t want to study law (this was, say, my first year of college) I decided to do the other thing I thought I was good at— so here we are. Seriously, though, my teachers at Towson (where I did undergrad) were amazing— Clarinda Harriss, Edwin Duncan, just to name two— & I wanted to write & I wanted to do what they did, be a really great teacher.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Lisa Robertson’s The Weather, which I just read last year. Cole Swensen’s The Glass Age. Vollmann’s Europe Central. I haven’t been to the movies in a long time. I haven’t even watched a movie at home in a long time— with the baby, movies seem like a big commitment. But I have watched tv shows on dvd & would like to propose Deadwood & The Wire as my last great films.

19 - What are you currently working on?

This might be redundant, but I’ll quote a recent jobletter-type thing I had to write:

My current manuscript, Table Alphabetical of Hard Words (which takes its title from the 1604 dictionary by Robert Cawdrey, often called the first English dictionary) is a book-length poem sequence which continues my interest in etymology and history, but has a much wider historical scope and a greater focus on the contemporary and urban landscape than my previous books. I am particularly interested in how language changes through use, disuse, amelioration and pejoration.

More specifically, I have been working on the ‘k’ section (kopernik, a reading of On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) & the ‘s’ section (spaltklang, which is a kind of sonnet sequence— the squareness of the sonnet has really appealed to me lately, has seemed approachable to me— I am thinking about a square of 14 square sonnets, the baby has a starring role in this sequence).

I wrote this all in one sitting, which is a kind of miracle. Thank you.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Monica Kidd

Monica Kidd grew up on the rural Alberta prairies, did a B.Sc. at the University of Calgary and an M.Sc. at Queen’s University, and now makes St. John’s, Newfoundland her home. She is the author of the novels Beatrice (2001) and The Momentum of Red (2004), and a collection of poetry called Actualities (2007). Her short experimental films have shown in Atlantic Canada and in Amsterdam; her most recent project, praxis:Twillingate, will be screened at the 2007 St. John’s International Women’s Film & Video Festival. She has worked as a seabird biologist and as a reporter for CBC Radio, where her news items and documentaries won numerous awards. In 2007, she is in her final year of medical school at Memorial University of Newfoundland. She writes a regular column about being a medical student for medscape.com.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

My first book was Beatrice, published by Turnstone Press in 2001. I didn’t expect it to be my first book. I had been writing poetry for many years, and in 2000, a reputable Canadian publishing company (which shall remain nameless) had agreed to publish a collection. I worked back and forth with an editor for more than a year, and the publisher asked for a photo of me for their catalogue. Then they dropped me, with no satisfactory explanation. Being totally naïve about publishing, it hadn’t occurred to me to get a written contract. I probably would have packed up my pencil then, if a few months later Turnstone hadn’t rescued my faith in the world and offered to publish my novel.

Beatrice was my first real attempt at fiction. I began writing it one summer when my boyfriend at the time was going to be away on a music tour, and I was at home freelancing for CBC Radio with a lot of time on my hands. I spent six months on it, sent it out, and Turnstone picked it up. I know many people struggle to get their first book published, so in that respect I was lucky. I had already started on a second novel before the first was published, but I doubt I would have finished the second if the first hadn’t been published. Having Beatrice published made me feel like a “real” writer. And it made me want to be a better writer.

2 - How long have you lived in St. John's, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I moved to St. John’s in 1998 from Kingston, Ontario, after having spent the two previous summers working on the coast of Labrador as a seabird biologist. From the first time I came here I have been struck by the similarities between the Atlantic coast and the prairies where I grew up. The openness, the raggedness. Communities totally at the mercy of weather and commodity prices, but peopled with fiercely self-reliant women and men. I write about people with a quiet kind of power, and I think that comes from living in places outside the traditional gaze of history – small towns, marginal places. That’s geography. I also consider myself a bit of a landscape writer. Without really meaning to, I tend to anthropomorphize landscape; it’s how I explain my ample emotional response to earth, water and sky.

As for race, I am a Caucasian woman writing largely in Canada about Canadian things. I’m the product of English and Irish ancestors, adopted into a family descended from Slavic homesteaders. All of that frames my understanding of the world, but I don’t think I examined race deliberately through my writing until my latest project, which is a manuscript of (mostly) non-fiction portraying the lives of women who came from central Europe to marry coal-miners and have babies and generally build the communities of the Canadian Rockies at the beginning of the last century. Gender has – unintentionally – shaped my writing from day one. My female characters are always the heroes.

3 - Where does a poem or piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I began Beatrice with the intention of writing a novel, but I ended up writing it as short pieces I later knit together. That’s because I wasn’t entirely sure what was going to happen in the story before I began. The Momentum of Red also started as a novel; that one came out in a chronological fashion that my editor later – very wisely – suggested we mess with. Actualities, the new collection of poetry, was definitely not a book from the beginning; it is a sample of little pieces I wrote as life-lines to myself over the period of about a decade. Any Other Woman, the working title for my next book, began as a novel and became a little changeling of history, journalism, travel-writing and prose poems in the spirit of Eduardo Galleano’s Book of Embraces. Nothing ever turns out the way I expect.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I love doing readings, although I’m always really embarrassed. I find it hard to imagine a group of people would want to sit and listen to me for half an hour or an hour, plus maybe even buy a book. I really appreciate learning what does and does not move people, which tends to come out in the questions they ask.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I’d like to have a smart answer for this, but I don’t. I have no idea why I write about the things I do. Some things just cry out to be written.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

My last two experiences with editors (Kate Kennedy, at Gaspereau Press, and Lynn Henry, previously at Raincost Books) have been stellar. Before Kate, I hadn’t had any constructive criticism of my poetry. The only feedback I’d had I drew from whether or not a poem would be published in a literary magazine. But that’s a terrible metric because lots of poems rejected by one publication are accepted somewhere else with no changes. (I keep all my rejection notes in a shoebox on my bookshelf. I’m not sure why.)

Lynn ate and slept and metabolized Momentum, and with a few suggestions, turned it into a proper book. The original manuscript had a “before” and “after” the introduction of a major character. The second portion had less depth but more action; Lynn suggested we shuffle the two parts together, which gave it much more tension. I haven’t begun to edit the next manuscript yet.

As an aside, to date, I’ve never met any of my editors. Our correspondence has always been written. Before I got into this racket, I imagined long cups of tea and glasses of wine with my editors. After all, that’s how it works for Woody Allen’s characters!

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Easier, I guess. But maybe (with the exception of the poetry) less satisfying. As I write more, I have greater expectations of myself, which leads to greater disappointment when I don’t achieve what I set out to do.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Last summer. It was dried. I was on a canoe trip. I have a complicated relationship with pears. And peaches, for that matter. I find them both beautiful, but a nuisance to pack in a lunch. Now dried pears, on the other hand…

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

My friend Emilie told me to ask people what they’re most afraid of.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

Pretty easy, I guess. Poetry is my first love, but having made my living as a reporter for several years, non-fiction became my practice. Fiction finds itself somewhere in the middle ground.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

Today – on a plane from St. John’s to Toronto – is my first dedicated writing day in so long I can’t remember. When I was writing my novels, I was working for CBC, so I’d write news all day, then come home and make myself write 1,000 words every night until I had a draft. The non-fiction manuscript was my first attempt at giving big chunks of time to a writing project. I took time off of work to do research trips to Alberta, and in 2004 when I quit work to start medical school, I had a few weeks to dedicate to it then. In 2005, I made a trip to Slovakia for research.

My writing these days comes in fits and starts. I scribble words and phrases in the margins of my notes at work, then return to them at the end of the day. Lately, I’ve been setting aside an hour once in awhile to finish a poem or write an essay. I want to arrange my life in order to take at least a few hours per week to write. And of course, one day take a year-long sabbatical, live in a cabin or a van and generally just bum around writing my great manifesto. Right after I pay off my student loan. Which should be sometime in 2073.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Poetry. Always poetry.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

The most recent book always feels the best and most important, right? But I’m actually very, very proud of Actualities. I love Gaspereau’s books, and I think I can truthfully say I won’t care about the reviews on this one. Poetry has saved my life on more than one occasion, and this book is like a little breathing thing to me.

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Definitely nature. Photographs often seem to beg for words. And medicine, because it’s my window on people’s lives.

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

I am a complete sucker for writing from Latin America. I love its elements of magical realism and political struggle and desert and chili and the music of Spanish. I’m also a big fan of Jeanette Winterson because she speaks so directly to what matters.

16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

I’d love to learn to paint. Learn how to play the banjo I got for my birthday. Have a child. Work for Doctors Without Borders. Do a triathlon. Spend a week in Utah and a month in Nepal. Do a bike trip along the Pan-American highway. Figure out the sourdough starter recipe in the Pan Chancho Cookbook. How much time do we have?

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I wouldn’t call writing my occupation; right now it’s more my guilty pleasure. But I think if I could have made radio documentaries full time, I might not have needed to write, and I might not have gone to medical school.

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

When I was working as a reporter, I needed to write to say the things that don’t fit inside a news story; ironically, now I find myself writing all that is not said inside a medical encounter. Always, and still, I’ve needed to write in order to remember my life.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Book – Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, by Jonathan Safran Foer.
Movie – Babel. Or anything with Cate Blanchet.

20 - What are you currently working on?

Finishing medical school. And that non-fiction-journalism-travel-writing-poetry project I mentioned above, for now named Any Other Woman. NeWest plans to publish it in the fall of 2008, likely with a different title.

Saturday, September 22, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Andy Weaver

bio: Born in Saint John, NB, in the early spring of 1971. I think it was overcast and cold that day, but my memory isn’t great. Like a lot of people in the Maritimes, my family moved to Alberta in 1977; we stayed there until 1983, when we moved to Ontario. Weirdly, I repeated that motion for university and beyond: back to Fredericton for master’s degree, then to Edmonton for doctorate, then to Toronto for a job (finally!). I’ve been an associate professor of poetry and poetics at York University for just over a year now.

Random facts:
Married with no kids, but with two illegitimate cats.

Life-long fan of the Boston Bruins, which makes life seem very long, indeed.

An Aries, which means nothing to me, but perhaps that defines me on some unknown level to people who understand the motions of the spheres.

My first book, were the bees, was published by NeWest Press in 2005 and was nominated for an Alberta Book Award.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

Sex, drugs, and rock ‘n roll—my first book convinced me that poetry would bring me none of those. It made me feel more legitimate as a writer in some ways, and it was nice to be able to show relatives what I do. But I don’t think it changed my life.

2 - How long have you lived in Toronto, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I’ve been in Toronto just over a year. I don’t think geography directly impacts my work, though it does affect my day-to-day life, just like everyone else. I think social geography plays a much bigger role in my writing—who I’m talking to about poetry and ideas, who I’m listening to at readings, etc. All of those things are determined to a large degree by where I live.

Race and gender are often in the back of my mind, because I’m constantly made aware of certain privileges that go with hand in hand in Canadian society with being white and having a penis. I can walk alone at night in places where my wife can’t; I walk into a classroom and students seem to grant me more authority than they do some other instructors. Completely undeservedly. I don’t think race and gender are major aspects on my writing, but I try to make sure that those undeserved privileges don’t creep in as ideological blind spots.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

It changes. I used to write only lyric poems, and I still write some discreet poems, which usually come from encountering or thinking of some interesting line, or metaphor, or idea. But more and more I’m writing pieces that directly come out of an interaction with a specific text or prompt. I’m a little embarrassed at times by personal lyrics (my own and sometimes other writers’); why should I expect anyone to care about my pronouncements on anything?

This change has made me more interested in longer projects. Not necessarily book-length projects, but pieces that often run 20-30 pages.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I love giving readings, but I don’t think they’re really part of or counter to my creative process. I generally don’t read a poem until I’m pretty satisfied with it. Every once in awhile I’ll discover a problem with rhythm or sound when I’m reading a poem, so I guess readings can act as an occasion of intense attention to minutiae, which is useful for craft. But I’ll work to fix any problems that I find later, on my own.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I’m interested in how language shapes the world for us, which means that I’m interested in thinking about news ways that language can work; hopefully, new language patterns can help us think about the world differently.

I’ve also developed over the last few years an interest in anarchy as a political and social practice. I think that there’s a way that anarchy can help us remove the restrictions placed on language in order to help create those new language patterns. Lots of other poets have had similar concerns, especially Robert Duncan and John Cage, but I think the language writers do similar things as well.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult oressential (or both)?

I haven’t had a lot of experience working with an editor for a press (Doug Barbour, my editor for were the bees, is very hands-off in a good way). But I do have a group of friends that I pass things to for their thoughts and suggestions, and I think that’s essential to my writing. I often won’t agree with a suggestion, but even so, that makes me really think about things that I might have overlooked before. And Kelly, my wife, is my first reader and best editor for everything I write. I know she’ll be blunt, and I trust her to be brutal when necessary.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I ate a pear just a few days ago while watching some bad tv show; it was mushy and awesome (the pear, I mean... but also probably the tv show). But the question piques my curiosity: why ask about pears? Are pears inherently poetic? Did Roy Kiyooka know something about pears that the rest of the poetry community doesn’t?

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Keep your stick on the ice.

9 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

I only write poetry and academic papers. Writing fiction baffles me (and besides, people just make it up). Way back when, I had to take a screenwriting class as part of my degree at UNB, and that class just about killed me. The prof (Bill Gaston, prince among men) was merciful and realized that I worked very, very hard on that lousy, lousy screenplay.

I haven’t figured out how to be creative in my academic work, so my essays tend to be a bit stuffy. I’d love to write essays like Fred Wah does, but I can’t. Not yet, at least.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

Writing routine? What’s a writing routine?

I usually write when I find the time, which is probably also a reason I’ve tended to write in response to prompts or other texts.

A typical day usually involves breakfast, checking my e-mail and reading Silliman’s blog, prepping classes and/or teaching classes, lunch, more of the same, and pleasure reading (usually poetry) on my hour-long commute to and from York. Evenings are usually for hanging with my peeps, as the kids these days don’t say. Whatever free time I can carve out in a day I try to spend writing and editing.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I generally turn to a prompt or a text and write from that. For example, I recently finished a serial poem in which I took the first and last lines from each page of Herbert Asbury’s The Gangs of New York, wrote down those all those lines as couplets, and then removed words until some weird sense emerged. I’ve used base texts in that way a fair amount, really, because I’m dubious of notions of inspiration and personal voice.

12 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Mostly I’m influenced directly by other books (though influenced might not be the right word for the interaction between a writer and a base text). I have to be careful not to write poetry about visual art anymore, because that’s a prompt that I’ve used a lot in the past and want to avoid (or at least keep to a minimum). I’ve lived in big cities for the past 10 years now, so any experience I have with nature—usually instances of nature inside the city—often makes its way into a poem (I have lots of references to songbirds, raccoons, skunks, bats, etc.).

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

If I had to choose a favourite poet, it would probably be Robert Duncan, but John Cage, Robert Kroetsch, Jan Zwicky, Erin Mouré, the language writers, and lots of others are important to me. I’m still fascinated by Pound, Stein, Williams, too.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Learn to swim. My squat little body sinks like a stone.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

If my marks in high school science classes had been better, I probably would have been a veterinarian. Years ago, a friend asked me why I wanted to be a vet and not a doctor. Easy. Because I actually like animals.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

After my problems with high school sciences, I thought I’d become a visual artist, a painter. I had some natural ability, my teachers told me, and it was fun. But I could never think of anything interesting to paint. So I switched to writing because I love playing with words. If I couldn’t write, I’d probably like to try to paint.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

On Adam Dickinson’s recommendation, I read Juliana Spahr’s This Connection of Everyone with Lungs (U of California P, 2005). Terrific stuff.

I love films that most people consider to be... what’s the word... bad. I loved Pan’s Labyrinth, but so did everyone else, right? Less people share my undying love of Ishtar.

I don’t watch a lot of live theatre, but I recently saw Evil Dead: The Musical and loved every second. It made me appreciate the subtleties of the movies even more.

19 - What are you currently working on?

I’m pulling together the final draft of a manuscript that should be my second book, fingers crossed. I’m also slowly writing two other poetry manuscripts. One is a series of experimental reworkings of a number of Shakespeare’s sonnets, the other is a book-length (or possibly longer) series of poems in a sort of post-language writing style that take the idea of glass and texts about glass as a prompt. The only rule with that last poem is that the word glass can’t appear.

12 or 20 questions archive

Wednesday, September 19, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Paige Ackerson-Kiely

Paige Ackerson-Kiely's first collection, In No One's Land, was the winner of the 2006 Sawtooth Poetry Prize judged by DA Powell and published by Ahsahta Press. She was also the 2006 winner of Poets & Writers Writer's Exchange contest. Her work has appeared in journals like Ninth Letter, Pleiades, Bellingham Review and other places. She lives in Vermont with her family and works at a wine store. Also she is 31. And a fair swimmer.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I suppose the physical book, as opposed to the apparition of the book (i.e. “I am working on a book”) finally put to rest the fear that what I was actually doing with all of the alone time I deemed so necessary was not making fertilizer bombs or talking directly to the military/industrial complex in hushed tones, but in fact creating a rather benign artifact for which I could be implicated, but not taken to trial.

I am saying the book has afforded me some level of support. It has annihilated a droll but direct line of questioning: Where are you going? What is more important than the dishes? Why are you still working retail? Does solipsism hurt? In truth, I ask these questions too. But the book, its slim heft, has allayed concern that I am impossible, and therefor it might, if I am good and lucky, allow me to create a sibling, a whole family of books. My life is different only in that I can feel a very dubious level of legitimacy in this pursuit. It feels like the vague national anthem kind of freedom, whereby no one knows all the words but can hum the tune and feel a little swell in the chest and let that be enough—for now, and I don’t for one minute take that for granted.

But mostly my life is the same.

2 - How long have you lived in Vermont, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I moved to Vermont on September 10, 2001. I moved here from Albuquerque, a city I love save for the climate. I could not imagine a life in Albuquerque because every day I felt as though I was emerging from a dank basement into blinding light, and it took 7 hours to readjust. And I can’t keep a hold on sunglasses. I pined for the northern climes of my youth and heritage, and after taking the findyourspot.com quiz, we settled on Vermont.

I am not sure that the actual geography of Vermont finds its way into the writing, but I am always locating an imagined interior landscape, because mostly what I feel anywhere I go is an admixture of exile and wanderlust and I must bask somewhere. I must rest my head on some pillow. I simply have to cook a little meal for myself, even if I plan to leave at daybreak. Perhaps this restlessness impacts the work.

Of course I think that race and gender make an impact on my work insofar as I am a Caucasian female with all of the feints and machinations that inform my survival. I am an atheist only in that I love the questions with unabated passion, ceaselessly, over and over—this will change, maybe tomorrow even. I am sorry this interview sucks a little bit as a result.

3 - Where does a poem or piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I tend to work manically. In No One’s Land was written on the quick—some poems hearken to days of yore, but for the most part it was created over several months. Lately my tendency is to ruminate for a few months, then tackle, though never strategically, but hopefully with enough hunger to pull the bread from the project. I wait until I can only grasp. I wait until I can factionalize and make myself an enemy and must produce a little somethingsomething to win myself back over. Because really no one else cares. I am not taking a stance of self-pity here—I think it is crucial for me to remember this. Honestly I don’t think I have been writing long enough to offer an answer that is instructive, or honestly even honest. I’ve only been writing in earnest for about 5 years.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I don’t have much experience with reading. I am very shy--though I wouldn’t deem this proclivity as counter to the process, necessarily. I certainly don’t imagine an audience and their various mechanisms of swoon or disdain when I embark on a piece, nor do I plot the least enticing public read I could give. So it is not anathema, nor is it particularly helpful to consider the performance or audio offering of the material.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

Most of my concerns have a practical nature. I suppose I am trying to talk about the subjugation of desire and how this affects economics, self-worth, relations between people, consumerism, reliance on a plan and worship. I often explore desire as a personal choice rather than manifest destiny. I am also interested in the differentiation between desire and passion; I think they have become confused! Blake’s quote “those who control their passions do so because their passions are weak enough to be controlled” has been terribly misappropriated (by me as well) as have the writings of Epicurus. Whether this is ‘behind my writing’, or next to it, or running far far away I can’t really say.

I think everything should be questioned, currently and historically. That is a total cop-out, but true.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I have never really used an outside editor, mostly because the people I know who would be of help to me are mired in their own projects, and I wouldn’t want to take ONE SECOND of time away from what they might produce—I look so forward to what they are up to! This is also a function of shyness, and maybe even vanity. I have prized the I-made-it-11-months-in-the-Arctic-with-limited-provisions-and-ended-up-eating-my-shoelaces story for too long. It will be my downfall, but I swear I could make us a great warming hut if we found ourselves stranded and exposed on a floe.

I don’t trust myself implicitly, but I like to be alone with the work. That said, you-know-who-you-are should expect a large attachment in the future.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Oh, probably when they were in season. The apple trees are bearing in VT right now. I view pears as an adequate vehicle for Crème Fraiche, but am not amped about their singular existence.

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Just ignore it and it’ll go away.

9 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

When I am writing prose (which is completely untested outside of myself) I often feel like I should be writing a poem. When I am writing poems I long to write prose. The tension this produces is not unbearable, but not particularly appealing. Neither genre has become a boyfriend that puts his class ring on a chain to hang around my neck indicating that I belong to any one thing at all. Nothing forbids me from visiting a paragraph late at night or a fragment upon rising. I look for signs, and when I don’t see them I proceed, in my perfunctory way, toward that which is most demanding. If it was easy I would find something else to do.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

The typical day for me begins with coffee and urging my children off to school. It would seem very honk-shoo to most, but the rituals of morning are paramount in setting the stage for a productive day. If my children are surly, which they often are in the wee hours, it can destroy me. I am mixed-up about my feelings toward public education. I would love to homeschool my kids solely, but fear I would resent my lot. I need a few hours of retreat every day-
not to write but to live with any level of optimism which prevents the brain from destroying itself.

Three days per week I go to a studio space and ‘write.’ Someone with keen insight gifted me a space last year, and it made all the difference as my current digs involve 3 other people, a large dog and only 720 sq.ft. I spend about 15 hours per week at my studio. I don’t have the luxury of squandering that time—but I give terms like ‘productivity’ a pretty big range—so sometimes I am editing, reading, outlining, starring out the window—and sometimes I am creating. When I leave the studio I effectively leave the work so I am not burdening anyone else with my resentment or distraction when they usurp my time, which of course they are entitled to do. The studio space has improved my filial relations ten-fold, and although I long to write whenever I feel like it, the knowledge that time away is on the horizon is enough to sustain me and keep me invested in my family/community etc.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

What is lacking in inspiration?

What is lacking in inspiration?

The other day a good friend told me that I am more generous and kind when I have a project going.

Of course I argued with him for an hour and then asked him to leave the house.

Truth is, he is correct. I don’t know if I am less generous as a result of creative impediment, or if I use some drama and surliness as a way to create inspiration when I am stuck. I am pretty ordinary in that I like to solve finite problems. I like to stack wood and see the neat piles and say, wow, Paige, you stacked a lot of wood! Perhaps I also like to create a little friction in my world, nearly wound, then bandage. A lot of the best conversations come out of division. I guess I am examining my use of lousy behavior, followed by back-pedaling and potential redemption as a source of inspiration. If what I suspect is the case, it is no way to live, rob!

Reading is also where I turn when I am stuck. Loud music, dancing with my kids, drinking wine, traveling when fiscal resources abide, taking walks—they help too.

12 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Oh I would say decoding platitudes and creating ambient social landscapes where honest dialogue can ensue is a form of art that I often engage with on a small but regular basis. I’m talking meetings or dinner parties with intention.

I am lucky to live in a natural of environment of exquisite beauty and variety. There is no way to deny this influence, even if only to say it makes me feel like things will be OK when I walk out my door and into the woods. As for other ‘forms’ of course I feel indebted to their existence. I couldn’t live fully without regular exposure to music and art and the questions of science, I don’t know that I can get any more specific than that except to say that I often view poem making as akin to running your hand over every known object on this earth and then putting your hand in your mouth and describing what it tastes like. A world without music would taste pretty raunch.

13 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

I am endlessly obsessed with Beckett’s How It Is. I read sections of it every day. I am thinking of memorizing it all as a birthday present to myself. Otherwise, I am not a very monogamous reader. I would say newness is of the highest import. Sure, I go on jags with certain authors, but mostly I am looking for something that I’ve never seen or felt before. Also, I love to read what friends recommend, I cherish that intimacy above most avenues we are allowed intimacy! That said, I am comforted by Arctic Exploration literature. It is my beach-read. Nothing like softening frozen boots with your mouth so your frost-bitten feet can trudge another mile toward the pole to really relax a gal. I think that vastness is what is important to me right now, the ocean of publication and all those unmoored authors you can drift toward and tie to for a night and lie down in the keel together unashamed.

14 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Insofar as every choice constitutes a loss I would like to do everything that I didn’t do as a result of choosing something. Also I would like to be very calm and content—so calm that wild animals would approach me in the woods and let me pet them. And finish some projects. And travel to Greenland.

15 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

If I were to attempt another occupation I might be a Lichenologist. To move among Lichen and decipher if their relationship is mutualistic or parasitic. It would be comforting to have only 2 choices in a relationship. We love each other, or, you are sucking the life out of me but what are my options? I like those parameters. Even though there exists the idea of commensalism, I would ignore it. I would move to Tromso and travel between trees and rocks on a snowmobile and in the evening drink something that brought fire to my throat in my hand-hewn cabin that smelled both marine and boreal. It is late in the interview, and I have had a couple drinks and am now given to romanticizing myself.

In truth I have hustled all my life. I have few practical applications. I would probably be doing exactly what I am doing regardless of any accidental literary trajectory. Selling something with my personal brand of alacrity, which is rather disgusting, but easy to leave at day’s end. Now that I think about it I almost went to Law School.

16 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

I’m not opposed to doing anything else. I believe I would write regardless, and that writing would only serve to embellish the other project/job—provided I did it in moderation.

17 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Last great book: Instructions From the Narwhal by Allison Titus
Last great film: a Korean film called The Bow.

18 - What are you currently working on?

I am working on a novel, a short story collection, a book of poems based on the writings of Epicurus called “The One-Life Theory” and an essay, “My Love is a Dead Arctic Explorer.”

12 or 20 questions archive

Tuesday, September 18, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Diane Tucker

Diane Tucker was born and raised in Vancouver. She earned a B.F.A. in Creative Writing from U.B.C. in 1987. She got married the same year and began working as a library clerk. Her daughter Beth was born in 1990 and her son Joe in 1993, the same year she got her first journal publication. Her first book, God on His Haunches, was published in by Nightwood Editions in 1996 and was shortlisted for the 1997 Gerald Lampert Memorial Award. Her poems have appeared in several anthologies and more than fifty journals, including The Antigonish Review, Canadian Literature, Descant, The Absinthe Literary Review and Harvard Review. Her latest book is Bright Scarves of Hours (Palimpsest Press, 2007). She lives in Burnaby, BC.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

Suddenly I was a “writer” as opposed to “someone who writes stuff”. That was good. That’s kept me going. I’ve made some good friends through being a book-published poet and had the opportunity to go places I would never otherwise have gone. I’m immensely grateful for that.

2 - How long have you lived in Vancouver, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I’ve lived in or next to Vancouver my whole life, 42 years. I’ve never wanted to live anywhere else until last year, when I visited London. I could live in London. But other than that, I feel like Vancouver and I are all wound together like two amorous octopi. Sometimes I feel almost physically compelled to spend time in certain Vancouver places: the beach (any beach), or a certain spot I love on Granville Island, or a little park right near my childhood home. Certainly these places have found their way into my writing, both in obvious ways and in ways others will have to notice.

Race? No thanks, I’m a lousy runner. I have asthma and I’m lazy…

Okay, okay. I’m a WASP. I love things English and Celtic (even the food!). And I thrill to the Western cosmologies: the ancient classical visions, the Judeo-Christian worldview. Certainly then my race finds its way into my work, but I have never set out to write about it, as a subject.

Gender: I’m a girl married to a boy and we have kids. I’ve written a lot about being a mother; my latest book is built around the routine my days fell into when my kids were in elementary school. Surely any worldview that claims to value women will value all the work women do: vacuuming and cooking dinner and walking kids to school as much as anything else. So while I loathe the idea of being a “gender” writer, I am of a gender, and I write, so there’s no getting way from it to some degree.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

There’s usually an image or phrase in my head that won’t go away after a few days; it becomes pretty clear that it means enough to me to make a poem. And I have to have some alone time. I don’t drive, so I do a lot walking. Walking has become a necessary trigger for my writing mind after all these years.

There have been a few times when a traumatic event (my mother’s death, for example) has prompted several poems in a sort of ecstatic blur. I wish this would happen more often (the blur, not the trauma), but then I’d probably be way more medicated than I already am.

I’ve never set out to write a poetry book. I write poems, one at a time. When I have enough I look at them and cobble them together into a manuscript. Bright Scarves of Hours had its form imposed on it when I saw I had enough new work for a full-length manuscript. I do believe what Madeleine L’Engle wrote years ago: serve the work. I try to have faith that if I serve the poems that come my way, whatever books are in me to write will get written.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

They’re not a part of the creative process of writing poems, but they’re certainly part of the job of being a poet, and not at all counter to creativity. I have some long-ago acting training and have sung a lot in public, so I don’t balk at readings per se; I’m not afraid of speaking in public or using a microphone. I’m nervous beforehand, but once I’m up there and the reading has begun, I like it. It feeds the little performing beast that still lives in me.
5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

By theoretical concerns I assume you mean do I write consciously to serve one literary theory or another? No, I don’t. Though obviously I write in a certain style and have studied certain poetry and not other poetry; I know no one writes in a vacuum. I value clarity, precision, accuracy, honesty. I value these things fanatically, rabidly. Whatever theoretical concerns those represent I leave to the theoreticians.

Questions? Each poem probably does try to ask the right question and/or to answer it, I guess. But honestly I think worrying about the effect of my body of work would be too distracting. Thomas Merton said we have to be detached from the results of our work. I believe this. It’s my job to write the best poems I can and disseminate them as best I can. “The rest,” as Eliot says, “is not our business”.

Frankly I’m not interested in any questions that are merely current (except maybe “Is my bus going to be on time?” and “Do I need another cup of coffee?”, to which the answer is nearly always “Yes!”). The eternal questions are pressing enough, aren’t they?

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I don’t work with an outside editor until the book-publishing level except to pass some work before the eyes of some folks at Burnaby Writers’ Society workshops, which I have in the past found helpful. And I’ve never had a really unpleasant experience with an editor or a workshop. I recognize the need for objective eyes to evaluate the work.

When my poems have been edited for publication I’ve changed everything an editor wanted that I didn’t feel incredibly strongly about and didn’t offend me aesthetically. After all, I’d be a fool to think my every word is gospel. However, during editing for my first book, I had to stand up for a whole longish poem the editor wanted to cut, a desire I thought came from a personal literary preference rather than a genuine concern about quality. I put my foot down and I’m glad I did.

The thing is, I do edit books (fiction, not poetry) for publication, and I don’t want authors getting all uppity on me. Editors good! Editors important! Editors love people to buy them coffee!

7 - After having published two titles over the past decade, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Well, eleven years elapsed between my two books (so not even two books over the past decade!). What the process is, is different. My life, my fate, my worth, no longer hang on getting a book published, as I more often felt in the first couple of years after God on His Haunches came out in ’96. I had a lot of illusions about a literary “career”.

The process of making a book manuscript out of a pile of poems is not easier. It’s a big pain in the butt and for me a grumbling concession I make to reality.
8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I don’t remember, and I love pears. Now I have to go get some, and it’s all your fault.
9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

I have this passage by Rilke posted at my writing desk:

“In this there is no measuring with time. A year doesn’t matter; ten years are nothing. To be an artist means not to compute or count; it means to ripen as the tree, which does not force its sap, but stands unshaken in the storms of spring with no fear that summer might not follow. It will come regardless. But it comes only to those who live as though eternity stretched before them, carefree, silent and endless. I learn it daily, learn it with many pains, for which I am grateful: Patience is all!”
10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?
In 2002 or so I fell into this routine: get up and take kids to school/walk dog. Come home and write until noon. Other stuff until it’s time to go get kids from school. Read, do housework, make dinner, and in the evening go out or hang out, sometimes fitting in some late-night writing, then sleep. It was quite consistent and productive for three or four years. I see it as a sort of Golden Age. Ah, the good old days!

But life changes and now all bets are off. Kids go to high school. Mum needs to get a part-time job that pays actual money. Grandparents age and suddenly you’re part of the sandwich generation. I’m currently in this season of incredible upheaval and change. Ideally I get up and drink coffee and go to the gym and come home and edit for a couple of hours, then go to my other paying job for a few hours. My own writing is still struggling to find its place in my new normal. Ask me this question again in a year.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Once I picked up a book called The Practice of Poetry, a great book of poetry exercises that I intended to us for some students but ended up using myself, and it came at the right time to rework some very flaccid poetry muscles. But I don’t stress too much anymore about “stalls”. They come, they go. I’m a writer and I can’t get out of it and I’ll write something else eventually.
12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Well, after eleven years I certainly hope it’s better! It feels more confident, more assured. I hope it attempts more, reaches for more. I hope it sells more.

I think the poems are more varied in tone and form, and of course there’s the structure I gave the entire manuscript. Surely fitting poems into certain hours of the day will change how people read them and what each means in the context of the whole book. I have no idea how or what. I’m looking forward to the furrowed brows.
13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I have a background full of music and singing. I’ve sung in choirs on and off since I was eleven, and then I went and married a musician. I love the lyrics of Paul Simon, Joni Mitchell and Bruce Cockburn; I’ve actually had a few lyrics of mine used by real musicians. Now that’s a rush: your first music royalty cheque.

So rhythm is important to me, and musicality. The last few years I’ve been singing plainchant and Anglican chant, which has given me a whole new appreciation of verbal stress and vocal emphasis – phrasing.

Maybe writing poems is the closest I can come to writing music.
14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

When I’m sad and insecure I read C.S. Lewis, whose intelligence, compassion and good sense nearly always put me right. Besides reading the Bible itself, nothing clears out my spiritual cobwebs as well as Lewis.

Herbert and Donne spruce me up when I feel mentally sharp enough for them. Christina Rossetti feeds my overly romantic, melancholic side, and I admire her brave writing life. Gerard Manley Hopkins was my poetry sparkplug and I sometimes need a new spark.

John Fowles’ prose is glorious in every way: strong, economical, lyrical. His best is his novella The Ebony Tower. Early on I was baptized in Orwell’sPolitics and the English Language” and I’m still dripping, hopefully on other people.
15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Record a CD of my poems. Write more song lyrics. Write a play. See my unpublished YA novel get picked up. Somehow be involved in poetry/visual art/music/dance collaboration thingies. Those sound cool. Become a more patient, focused, centred, prayerful person. I have such modest goals…

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I would love to be a Shakespearean actor. Love love love. And there was a chance once that I might have been a teacher, I mean a real, certified, full time teacher. I do it now part time and I like it a lot. But it’s very draining.

There! My mind just said “It would be too draining to teach full time and write as well,” even when the question was about not writing. It’s a chronic disease, this writing thing.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

After high school I chickened out of trying to be an actor; there’s no other way to put it. And writing was something I’d done for so long, since I was little, and the more I read great writing, the more I wanted to do it. In college I read an Alice Munro story called “Thanks for the Ride” and I quite clearly remember thinking “If I could write like that, I’d love to be a writer.” Still trying to write like that.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

By great I assume you mean in the big sense: important and lasting, so:

Film: Children of Men: what a wonderful, harrowing, brilliant movie!

Book: Reread John Fowles’ The French Lieutenant’s Woman recently, after not looking at it for several years. It’s been one of the seminal novels of my life, for good or ill. Every few years my reaction to the two endings changes as life changes. It’s kind of a barometer for me. Right now I’m rooting for reconciliation.
19 - What are you currently working on?
The last year has been full of personal and family turmoil, so I haven’t had my eye on my own work much. I have illusions at the moment about writing a series (ack!) of poems about my childhood home in southeast Vancouver. And I’m starting to feel it’s time to wrestle another stack of poems into a manuscript. Please, don’t make me think about it anymore. I need another coffee…

Sunday, September 16, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Kristjana Gunnars

Biographies of writers are not as interesting as their books. We get too involved in personality cults already, when I think we might do well to focus elsewhere. The problem is that the personality gets in the way. But I can tell you this: I came into writing through the good graces of certain Canadian big-league writers like Eli Mandel and some high-intensity teachers like the late Eugene Dawson. Among my books are five cross-genre fiction/poetry/essays from Red Deer Press, starting with The Prowler and ending with Night Train to Nykobing. My last book was a collection of essays culled from many years of teaching writing, from Wilfrid Laurier University Press, called Stranger at the Door. Now I have turned to painting, and have some paintings and photographs in galleries in B.C. and in private collections in Canada and Europe. Otherwise, officially speaking, I am Professor Emeritus of English at the University of Alberta.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

Life is always changing. I don’t actually think writing a book and publishing it is any more special than anything else we might do well which could give us confidence—like looking after a child or organizing a conference or growing a nice garden. Becoming an author does not necessarily mean we have gone into a beatific zone which makes us special etc. Your first book might make you feel that way to begin with, but that is sure to fade. With my first book I was mostly glad I saw the project through.

2- How does geography impact on your writing?

Sometimes place is everything. For me writing is about picking up all the little things that are actually around you and seeing them—describing them—as if for the first time. I don’t like living in an ethereal world of some sort, a bubble or a fantasy. I am more interested in what’s out there. I’d like to follow a phenomenon to its roots, wherever that is.

3 - Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

Not really. But readers are more often than not looking for such issues, so they make me go back and look for it myself, in my own work. Clearly, one writes from some position or other, necessarily. But whatever it is you’re coming from, it’s not a crime….You can’t help where you’re coming from, what you are in terms of race or gender or ability or orientation and such. Nor is it a great idea to be constantly analyzing one’s own position. It’s impossible to master all the nuances of things like that: it’s better just to be honest and accepting of your place in the world. Let the readers deal with their own problems or not-problems.

4 - Where does a poem or a piece of fiction usually begin for you?

I usually say to writers: begin from where you are. Where you are is interesting. This moment; the way the light is, the smell of the air, the temperature, what someone is saying, what object or nature is in front of you….

5 - Are you working on a “book” from the very beginning?

Life is a book. I think everything written combines into one big book. But you can’t see the whole thing at any one moment—you only see it in parts and fragments. Someday when you’re really old you’ll be able to see the book in its entirety.

6 - Are public readings part of the creative process?

No. They can be lots of fun and interesting and you meet great people. But they’re time consuming and you need time and space to write. Doing readings is one way for writers to stay in touch with their audience, and also to exchange ideas on writing and the arts with other writers and artists. There isn’t really any way to measure that sort of input, but of course everything you do and experience as a writer is enriching for your work. At some point or other, everything can get used….

7 - Do you find working with an editor difficult?

No. I rely on a good editor. I wish I had more of them. They can really save your skin and preempt a lot of needless pain down the road. Once your mistakes have been published, it’s hard to take them back!

8 - Is writing books harder as you go on, or easier?

Lots of things about writing and publishing books are harder as you go on. It’s harder to go out and shake everybody’s hand and give little talks and such because one is older and these affairs take more out of one. But writing itself gets easier: because on the same coin, but on the other side of it, you get older and you care much less about what people will think of what you are writing. You develop a distance with experience and age you couldn’t possibly have before. Not that you don’t care about the readers, quite the contrary, but there is after a few decades very little you can do about anything and you know it now while you didn’t know it when you were starting out….

9 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

That reminds me of St. Augustine who ate a pear (or an apple) and remembered it for the rest of his life because he stole the fruit and it was a sin. I always paid for my pears and apples. There’s always the story of the apple on the tree of knowledge, and who doesn’t remember that that one was eaten. People also often say to you life is not a bowl of cherries, so eating cherries is somehow suspect too. It’s odd how fruit is frequently connected to sin and crime in our culture. Fruit is pleasurable and sweet, so it must be bad. But I think pleasure is pleasant, so I don’t actually remember the last pear….

10 - What is the best piece of advice you’re heard?

So much good advice, so little time. The best one for me right now is from the Tao Te Ching: “The Way does nothing, yet everything gets done.” That translates to: calm down, cool off, relax. Everything will come around in due course. It’s better to be laid back than to be driven, and writing (since that’s our topic) can become a driving addiction too. Can’t it?

11 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres?

I never thought in terms of genres, so I’ve been very slow to conform to them. I don’t think I’ve behaved well in the genre business. Genres are a little like role-playing in life, so you can call yourself a “poet” or a “novelist” or an “essayist” and so forth, but I have invariably written in all formats at once. There are some books of poetry that appear to be poetry—they look like poetry, with line breaks and stanzas etc.—but in fact, there may not be any more of a poetic impulse there than in my so-called books of “fiction.” I’m not trying to prove anything by this kind of writing, nor to be critical of genres as such. I love a good novel and I want straight fiction sometimes, and poetry needs to be poetic sometimes too. But again, we are the way we are, and it’s the way our voices are made. Better just enjoy it than worry about it.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn for inspiration?

I believe writing stalls when writing should stop for a while. Your being lets you know when enough is enough. You don’t have to beat yourself up just because your words are not flowing like they did last month or last year. There’s lots to do in this world, and it’s odd how writers tend to forget that. Sometimes writing is so absorbing that you actually think you couldn’t carry on if you couldn’t write, and there is nothing other than writing. Everything for writing. I have been painting. It’s a fantastic change because for one thing, it’s very physical work.

13 - Do books come from books or somewhere else?

Books have come from books for me in a big way. You begin reading and pretty soon you’re in a vortex of literature, one book leading to another forever. But writing in general is probably more often than not coming from a place outside of books—a place where there is a “still small voice” nagging to speak. It could be something political, or an experience that needs to be sorted out, or a broken heart, or just plain an encounter with beauty, that sets writing off.

14 - What would you like to do that you haven’t yet done?

Too many things to mention. Live in a tree house on Bali. Spend a year on a houseboat. Do a walking tour in Scotland. Go pearl diving….

15 - If you could pick any other occupation, what would it be?

I would be a painter. It’s what I’m doing now, a kind of second career.

16 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else (that other thing)?

Writing is something you can do when you’re not rich, you don’t have space for equipment, you need to look after house and child, you’re on the run. Writing is something you can take with you, anywhere, everywhere. It used to cost very little to get a notebook and a pen. Now of course everyone needs a computer and it’s all very pricy, but you don’t need any of that to write. Just yourself. So it was natural. Other art forms can be very aggressive and pushy and require lots of “stuff.” That, and also, I think if you’re a writer, you’ve probably always been a writer. You were probably born that way….

17 -What was the last great book you read?

I was reading Orhan Pamuk’s Snow. Jose Saramago’s All the Names. There are so many great books—thankfully! They influence your writing too, which is all right. If you’re impacted by a work you’ve read, then the highest compliment you can pay it is to let it speak through you as well….

18 - How do writing and painting interact for you?

So much of the theoretical thinking in the visual and literary arts overlap. I find painting a canvas to be very similar to composing a poem: there is mood, tone, visual language, aura….

19 - What are you currently working on?

I’ve been working on paintings, being influenced. As for writing, I’m always writing something, and I never know what it will be until I’m done. But here’s a paragraph from it:

I wanted to tell a story. In life there are so many stories competing for attention. It is hard to know which story is the one to pick. Which story to emphasize. They all seem equally important. What should the story illustrate? What does it illustrate? Does the story show how time passes uncontrollably? Every breath we take is the last of its kind? Everything we see is that way exactly for the last time?

Friday, September 14, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Stan Rogal

Born in Vancouver. Had no idea what I wanted to be or do in my life. Tried technical school to become a skilled draftsman but couldn’t handle the math. Worked for a bowling alley chain as a manager for 6 years. During that time got married. When the marriage crumbled, quit the bowling biz and went to SFU where I spent 5 years getting a major in English and minors in Philosophy and Theatre. Upon graduation, went to work at a hotel doing front desk work and then maintenance. All through this wrote poems/fiction and wrote/performed/directed plays in various alternative spaces. Followed a woman to Toronto and spent 8 months getting an MA English from York University. Remarried. Worked for two years with an environmental group (Pollution Probe) going door to door and then managing a crew. Started a theatre company in Toronto – Bald Ego Theatre – and did several Fringe shows as well as a full length play at theatre Passe Muraille in the back space. Closest I’ve ever been to having my work done in a legitimate venue. Another divorce. A few books came out with a few different publishers. Began working with the Standardized Patient Program at the University of Toronto, first portraying roles, then giving feedback to students and doctors, then training roles, then educating in terms of communication skills, which I am still doing.

My fifteenth book and third novel – As Good As Deadset to come out Oct 23 with Pedlar Press. My work has also appeared in numerous magazines and anthologies.

Here are partial responses (since there are never answers) to your questions:

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I had never written a poem before I went to SFUniversity (age 27) and a certain prof said I should try as it would help to tighten and focus my prose. Next semester, I chose to put together a series of poems based on shadows as an elective. Having completed it, I shipped it off to publishers with no success, so decided to self-publish.

I went to the university print shop and the woman running the place refused to print the ms saying that one of the poems was sexist and exhibited violence against women. I was surprised that she had taken the time to read the book and more surprised that she had the power to censor. Apparently, she had done this more than once and no one questioned her. It was the late ‘70s and left-leaning feminism was running hot. In fact, she was very much regarded as one tough-assed dyke, and better not to get in her way. I tried, and failed miserably.

On the recommendation of a female friend, I went to another print shop (also feminist and run by a collective of lesbians) where they took on the project, no questions asked. I don’t know if they read the material or not.

In a bizarre twist of fate, the woman who ran the SFU print shop was killed one year later in a motorcycle accident.

My next book of poems (Sweet Betsy From Pike) was published about ten years later by Wolsak and Wynn, after I had moved to Toronto. Having received the ms, I was invited to the back garden for coffee and cakes to discuss the book. It was a bit Alice in Wonderland. I was quizzed by Maria Jacobs and Heather Cadsby for a couple of hours about the themes and so on. I went home, and, a few days later got a letter of acceptance in the mail that said: “Congratulations, you’ve managed to penetrate the chink in the armor.”

Which pretty much sums up the publishing biz so far as I’m concerned and changed my life in that I realized it took more than putting words down on paper to guarantee a book contract – it required the precise alignment of stars and position of planets, a certain amount of luck and some sense of the dramatic. In other words, there appeared to be much more to getting a book published than in actually writing the damned thing.

2 - How long have you lived in Toronto, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

Nineteen years in Toronto and still enjoying it. The only thing about geography that affects my writing is that I’m very much an urban writer, whether here or in Vancouver, and changing names of places could place my work in many major cities. Race or gender doesn’t play a big part in that most of my prose is the dynamic of one character to another at a basic love/don’t love level: change colour, exchange male/female for male/male, female/female, whatever.

3 - Where does a poem or piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I’m more often working on a larger piece from the beginning, whether it’s a collection of poems, stories, a novel or a play. I generally have a theme or a story line, maybe an acquired folder of images; an outline.

4- Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I enjoy doing public readings, though they are accompanied by the usual fear and nervousness. Part of the reason I took up acting in the early days was to help me better perform my work in front of an audience.

5- Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

My theoretical concerns revolve around the usual large issues: the meaning of life, the meaning of identity, the meaning of meaning, personal relations (esp one-on-one), sexuality, environment, politics… From my early days: Philosophy isn’t about finding answers, it’s about finding better questions. I think it’s the same in my work.

6- Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

The editorial process has generally been a positive experience for me. No one seems to concern themselves too much with poetry, so it hasn’t really been an issue, except maybe to cut a few poems. Prose is longer, hence, there’s more to hone in on and I’m pretty open to making changes so long as the changes make sense to me. With small presses, they really don’t have the time or money to choose material that needs a lot of editing. It might be different if a large press decided to publish something.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Harder. The main problem is that my books don’t sell. I haven’t established a viable consumer base, so hard for folks to take a chance on me. And no major awards and no one teaching my work in schools.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Dare I eat a pear? Yes! Two days ago, along with a peach. A very brave morning indeed.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Don’t go to bed with anyone crazier than yourself. Of course, I’ve never been able to follow that advice, personally. Also: don’t just talk about it, do it.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

Very easy. The appeal is simple: variety is the spice of life, and so on. Also, I find that different genres offer different outlooks, challenges and require a different set of tools. Though, there are indeed many folks who write in any or every genre and manage to have it all look and sound the same and I’m unsure as to what the point is there.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I don’t have a routine. What I tend to do is block out time and then sit to work on whatever project. The project is generally self-driven, though sometimes it’s because I’ve received a grant or had a request. Sometimes I simply say: I will have such and such a project complete by New Year’s come hell or high water. I do like to work in the daytime as opposed to the night. At night, I’d rather be drinking a glass of wine or watching a video or eating a nice dinner with Jacquie than writing.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I rarely get stalled once I’m underway, though I will seek inspiration by having favourite books around me and flipping pages on and off.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Gawd – the thing about books is that they are usually written years ago and are only now finally published. My life has changed, I’m working on another project and so on. I was able to do some re-writes for my latest novel of course to make it a bit more au courant, but I was still pretty happy with it. I’m usually just happy to see it in its final book form with lovely cover and typeset and then a launch and maybe flaunt it at a few readings before things move back to obscurity.

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I’m pretty much a Freudian in terms of psychology so much of my work is driven by sex or the lack thereof. Saying this, I’m also very Picasso-esque in that willing to beg, borrow and steal from anywhere. There’s a nice quote that says if you invite Picasso to dinner, rest assured that your silverware is safe, but keep an eye on your wallpaper. He was noted for stealing bits of wallpaper from people’s walls. My first book of poems based on shadows, my next on environmental issues, my next on art works, my next on science, my next on male identity in the new age, my next on Chaos theory

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

There is a long list and I can’t do this justice. First, I tend toward more European or south American writers – Kafka, Pinter, Cortazar, Borges, then American – DeLillo, Shepard, Spicer, Kerouac, then Canadian – Watson, Gibson, Fitzgerald. Just read Anne Stone’s new novel Delible and quite enjoyed it. Have been enjoying your work for several years. Movies and movie makers are important – Woody Allen, Fellini, well you know, the artzy types.

16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

I’d like one of my books to win the Stephen Leacock award for humour so that folks would know that my work is funny. Also would like to have a play done on a mainstage where I didn’t have to direct it as well.

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

Writing is not a career for me, it’s a pastime. The problem is, I’ve gotten used to doing it and it’s fun and I’ve basically painted myself into a corner and can’t escape.

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Too lazy and get too bored for other things.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Always love re-reading Julio Cortazar’s Hopscotch. Always love Fellini’s 81/2. Recently Anne Stone’s Delible and Hush and DeLillo’s Falling Man.

20 - What are you currently working on?

Want to finish a short story collection that’s a bit magic realist and a poetry collection with poems dedicated to folks who have influenced either me or my work, which sort of ties in with the above questions.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Stephen Collis

Poet and critic Stephen Collis is the author of three books of poetry, Mine (New Star 2001) and Anarchive (New Star 2005), which was nominated for the Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize, and the forthcoming The Commons (Talonbooks 2008). He has also published numerous chapbooks, including The Birth of Blue (1997), Anima/lung (1998) and Blackberries (2005). His essays on contemporary poetry and poetics have appeared in many Canadian and American journals, he has edited Companions & Horizons: An Anthology of Simon Fraser University Poetry (WCL 2005), and he is the author of two book-length studies, Phyllis Webb and the Common Good (Talonbooks 2007) and Through Words of Others: Susan Howe and Anarcho-Scholasticism (ELS Editions 2006). A member of the Kootenay School of Writing collective, he teaches American literature, poetry, and creative writing at Simon Fraser University.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I self-published several chapbooks before my first perfect-bound book with a “real” press (i.e., someone other than me wanted to see it in print). Before that first “real” book I didn’t tend to start thinking about my next project until the one I was working on was done. Since Mine, however, I’ve begun thinking/planning long-term—to think about what the next two, three, or even four books might be, and how they would fit into an evolving “project.” So getting a book published gave me some sort of confidence or permission—that I might have a “future” in this, that if I can do one book, I can do more, and this broader canvas, imagining the interplay between discrete works, was really exciting. It quickly became clear to me that what I wanted to do in writing couldn’t be contained by one book. But getting that one book out was the first step in realizing this.

2 - How long have you lived in Vancouver, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I’ve lived in Vancouver for 10 years, but I grew up close by, on Vancouver Island. The west coast—the ocean, forest, small islands—is always there somewhere. I wrote a long poem called “Blackberries” that, despite taking most of its material from the writings of Henry Thoreau, is incredibly site-specific and wouldn’t have been written had I not constantly been surrounded by west coast blackberry brambles. But my work is largely historically based, so it takes on the geographies of the histories it investigates. Vancouver’s cultural geography matters a great deal to me—that the city has been a crossroads for avant-garde poetries—TISH, the 1963 poetry conference, KSW and the 1985 new poetics colloquium. To write in a ground seeded by poets from Phyllis Webb to Jeff Derksen. I’m very aware of that sense of geography.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I always work on books or series of books. The book is the main unit I think in terms of—my unit of composition. At the same time I do write short, occasional lyrics, and I publish a few of these in journals, but whenever I’ve tried to group them as a possible book it’s been entirely unsatisfactory. I just don’t work that way. I have to have the concept for the book to work towards, to think through. Writing in general usually begins with the making of collages—word assemblages that come out of the research I’m doing for the book in question. These often don’t make it into the book, but at some point the playing around with my research stops, and something else takes over, as I find my way into the language I want to use—or be used by.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Readings are important to me in that I value getting a sense of how my work is going over—what people are and aren’t responding to. And I want to do a good job—to give people an experience of what the work is, where it’s tending.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

My theoretical concerns revolve around a series of political questions: what is the self’s relationship to others? How is language a part of this articulation or interface of the social? What resources remain—in language—from the history of liberation movements and class struggles? In what sense are we able to act—socially—in language? We are living in fraught, dangerous times. Much that has been won, historically, is being rolled back by aggressive powers. So I’m interested in the tradition of protest poetry, and I want the old Situationist adage—that poetry is the revolutionary act par excellence—to be true, but I fear it is not, that that’s just as naïve as it sounds, so I test it again and again. I’m trying on a poetry of revolution, seeing what it might do, how far it can be pushed, both into the past and, from there, into as yet unrealized futures. Fundamentally I’m interested in the other and the future, and I think these things are at the heart of language, and revealed in poetry.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

An editor’s contribution can be a real gift—to have someone read your work thoughtfully and deeply—to read it with so much care that they can tell you something about it you haven’t seen yourself. But it’s rare. I’ve been lucky enough to have that once or twice—but it is rare.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I can’t remember my last pear, but I had an Okanagan peach not too long ago. A peach seems more poetic.

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Go west young man. I think someone told my mother that. Or my grandmother.

9 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

Sometimes the different genres I write in get in the way of each other. Usually it’s poetry trying to take over whatever else I might be working on. Criticism can be a pain in the ass to write—but there is an appeal: writing prose uses different mental muscles. My poetry doesn’t use the sentence much—the word, the phrase, the line is the basis—but not the sentence. So I can get quite excited about, and enamoured with, sentences when I switch to prose. But soon enough I abandon punctuation and grammar again.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I read, then I write. The earlier I start in the day the better. Somewhere in there I’ll walk and think.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I read or I walk. Sometimes—if I’m writing poetry—just picking up any book, more or less at random, and reading a few lines is enough.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

I’ll call the forthcoming The Commons my “most recent,” and Anarchive my “previous.” They are both part of an on-going sequence of books (see #5 above) I call “The Barricades Project.” So in some ways I see them as parts of the same long poem—it’s just a very discontinuous long poem. Segments entitled “Dear Common” recur in both books. But the books have a different feel or tone. Anarchive was more aggressive, vocal, declamatory. The apostrophe and the public address were at its core. The Commons is a little quieter, meditative, pastoral. I suppose it’s probably the denser, more difficult book. But they are movements in the same structure. The whole thing is questioning where the relationship between part and whole resides—socially, linguistically—in terms of the poem, the serial, the book, the oeuvre.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I agree with McFadden. Though sometimes it’s painting or music that I’m responding to. Actually, painting often plays a large role in my work.

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

Phyllis Webb and Susan Howe—obviously, I’ve written books on them. Especially Phyllis’s Naked Poems and her incomplete “Kropotkin Poems.” Robert Duncan has been crucial and formative—at the level of poetics, the long poem, the serial. Amongst my contemporaries Melissa Wolsak and Roger Farr have, for different reasons, been very important—as friends, and for their work.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

There’s always so much—I guess right now I’d say make a film. I probably won’t ever do that—but the idea is cool.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

See the previous question! But I don’t think there was much choice—I’ve always had to write. Maybe I’d like to have been a painter, or a film maker. Or a better activist and revolutionary!

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

This is getting harder. The muse, she is coy. If you see her say hello.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Roberto Bolano’s The Savage Detectives. It was both infuriating and brilliant. For film, maybe the BBC documentary The Century of the Self.

19 - What are you currently working on?

I’m spending a year mostly reading, recharging, and re-educating myself. Really, it’s gearing up for the next part of “The Barricades Project,” which will be called The Red Album. There’s a book of prose cooking too, but I won’t say anything about that yet.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Catherine Kidd

Catherine Kidd is a Montreal-based writer/performer, and author of Missing the Ark [her first novel, formerly Bestial Rooms; conundrum press, 2007]. Her cd/book of performed stories Sea Peach [conundrum] was launched as a solo show in 2002, and won the MECCA for Best New Text 2003. Described as “an adult blend of Dr. Seuss and Aesop’s Fables.” Sea Peach travelled to storytelling festivals in Whitehorse, Yellowknife, New York, and Oslo. Kidd has performed at Festival Voix D’Ameriques and Festival Metropolis Bleu; from the Edinburgh Fringe to Toronto’s World Stage 2005 to the ARENA Fest in Bavaria. Her short-story Green-Eyed Bean, excerpted from her first novel, was nominated a Journey prize, while her voice can be heard narrating two documentaries on women’s pro sports, a cinematic lip-gloss rap, Cirque du Soleil promos, and Air Safety messages. Her dvd/book bipolar bear [conundrum press, 2006] includes live performance video in Singapore. She performed at Spier Arts Poetry Festival in Cape Town, South Africa, in Spring 2007.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I initially understood this question to refer to the first book I remember changing my life, so I’ll answer that first. I read The Secret Garden, by Frances Hodgson Burnett, in grade three, and it blew my freakin little grade-three mind. I discovered an entire world into which I could disappear and inhabit completely for days. Images of the corridors and the gardens and the moors were so tangible, I even knew how they smelled. I was depressed to finish the book because I didn’t want to leave it so I read it again. I couldn’t believe what a cool and magical thing it was, that someone’s cyphers on a page plus my own imagination added up to a whole alternate universe, which really existed, yet was different for every person who went there.

My first published book was conundrum press’ first publication as well, I think because Andy Brown only wanted to publish his roommates. At various times, Corey Frost and Billy Mavreas lived at that same address, Andy published them too.

The chapbook everything I know about love I learned from taxidermy came out in 1996, with a cassette tape made by dj Jack Beets. The chapbook changed my life in various major ways, these being some:

· taxidermy lead me to undertake the most challenging thing I’ve ever done, which was writing Missing the Ark (the novel formerly known as Bestial Rooms).
· taxidermy was the prototype for what would become a series of conundrum press releases combining text with audio, and later video, in an attractive dual-purpose book-like object. ie.: Sea Peach; bipolar bear
· taxidermy made me want to do more stuff with performed text because it was uniquely fun, and because it made my unfortunate year in theatre school not completely useless.
The Montreal Love & Taxidermy launch of the chapbook was held in loft at 10 Ontario. Rob Lutes played a set and I think Martha Wainwright sang a few songs, Andy made posters with Edward Gorey clip-art of an insane person chasing a rabbit. I bleached my hair for the occasion – the concept was to look like a photograph in negative, but it just looked awful.

Terry Goldie, a prof at YorkU, picked up a copy of the chapbook and passed it along to his friend Patrick Crean, then publisher at Somerville house, who contacted me about writing a novel. At first I’d said no – I was still doing my Lit M.A. at Concordia, had a thesis to write and was trying to get something going with this performance poetry thing – this was even before YAWP. It didn’t seem that writing a novel was any more sensible than performance poetry, though several people advised me to reconsider in light of the opportunity presenting itself. I believe they were right.

I had no idea what I was getting myself into – specifically, the personal work which would be involved in the research stage. It turned out to be quite a trip, psychologically. Meanwhile my so-called child-bearing years were stacking up behind me, throughout the decade I spent writing maternal ambivalence, among other things, and I was still trying to figure out how to support even just myself as an artist. Still haven’t quite figured that out; I’m not a squatter anymore, at least.

But just as I wouldn’t have been doing that M.A. at ConU if I hadn’t been graciously offered a scholarship (I would have gone back to India as soon as I finished my B.A.), I would not have taken on writing a novel, at that time, if the opportunity hadn’t presented itself. I remain grateful to Patrick Crean for opening that door; in the end, it was not any disagreement with him, but the lack of editorial continuity and correspondence which made our connection become more and more remote. The contract changed houses more than once, as Patrick moved from Somerville House to Key Porter and finally to Thomas Allen, during the years following the initial signing. I think, frankly, all the moving around made a stable editorial relationship impossible.

I finally decided to publish the novel with Andy instead – I already knew him as an editor, we had no problem bitching at each other, all cards were visibly on the table. As soon as I made that decision, the novel dropped one character entirely, plus the hundred and fifty pages which went with her.

It now really is the book I wanted to write; perhaps the manuscript, like its protagonist, needed to divorce itself from the paternal frame of reference which pre-existed even its own creation; which frame of reference, however instrumental it had been at the conception of the process, had come not to fit.

For all the above reasons, the book which most feels like my first book is Missing the Ark.
There is nothing in my life which I’ve work on for longer and with more soul-searching, so the changes it has brought to my life have been profound. Just as Agnes needs to take responsibility for herself before she can be present as a mother to Rose, I could only become worthy of the task of the novel if I were willing to do the same work I was requiring my character to do, some of which was exquisitely painful. I’ve been gratified to hear that what I was attempting did come across to some.

The earliest draughts of Bestial Rooms which comprise my M.A. thesis even predate the performance work. Friends will recall that novel-writing was turning me into a crazy hermit, so I tried to find balance by performing stuff in public as well – for the social context, and maybe as a means of surviving the interiority and seclusion of long-term fiction commitment. Two relationships were born and died during the span of writing that novel. My father died just at the beginning of the process, and his absence had a huge effect on my life and on the book, for the gaping emotional space it opened up.

Yet I would not call the novel autobiographical, it really is not. Even ‘semi-autobiographical’ might imply that some parts are ‘true’ while others are not – whereas an essential theme of the book has been to call that type of truth into question. The father-character was written to honour the memory of my father, but that’s about it for significant parallels – there was never any Buffalo man, and my real mother is a modest retired nurse, a farmer’s daughter, who now devotes most of her time to working with homeless persons in the downtown East side of Vancouver – as opposed to being a drunken tart like Agnes’ mother.

But writing Missing the Ark did bring me personally to many of the same conclusions which Agnes reaches in the end – how the inclusion of empathy and imagination to one’s perception of others revitalizes the whole relationship, and how a regard for the natural world as a sacred text can offer keys to successful existence, if one approaches it as student rather than teacher.

2 - How long have you lived in Montreal, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

Geography has an encompassing effect on my writing, so it’s hard to describe. In the past I’ve had a problem with the concept of home, so I have travelled around a lot, before I landed here in Montreal and appear to have got stuck. Okay, so I was born here, but that was a donkey’s age ago, and we left when I was a still a baby to go out west, then up to Whitehorse.

I suspect I never answer correctly when someone asks me how long I’ve been living in Montreal, because I feel compelled to smudge the hermetic and/or unhappy years together. But it must be about 15 years now, I reckon, if I arrived here from India around the same time my father died, which was 1992. I’d been living in Uttar Pradesh for a couple of years, and came to Montreal with the intention of just picking up the credits I needed to go back to Benares Hindu University as a student. My language requirement exam at Concordia, for instance, was written in Hindi, not French, because I didn’t plan to stay here. But you never know what might happen.
I do know that travel tends to have a self-dissolving effect on a person, as you try to lose any preconceptions you may have brought from your own culture in order to see as clearly as possible what is there. At the same time, you have to remember that no matter what level of intimacy you may develop with a place, you’ll never be from there unless you are. This is humbling, too. I think this is one of the reasons why travel is so good for writers – it accomplishes the paradox of consciously getting over yourself.

3 - Where does a piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

Missing the Ark, or Bestial Rooms as previously entitled, was a novel from the moment I signed a contract saying it would be one – prior to that, it was fictional bits toward my M.A. thesis, which I reckoned would be a book of short stories. Rob Allen, who was my thesis adviser, encouraged the idea of writing a novel, when the opportunity came up, and was a supportive influence on my decision. He didn’t persuade me that writing a novel was sensible, only that perhaps I’d like to write one anyway. It was a unique element of his style, to be both laissez-faire and subtly directive. I wish I had seen more of him during his last few years with us.

It was about five years into the process of writing the book that I started adapting bits of the manuscript into poetic form, for performance. I was being consumed by the project [think Amadeus meets Lilo and Stitch] and very much wanted to get back into poetry. Those poems became Sea Peach; I had to follow up on what that set in motion. It was intense to embody the character of Agnes in performance, to go through her motions in some sense.

She was not meant to be me, though. Agnes is a woman with a baby, while I am consciously not one. Also, Agnes is not even aware of herself as a chooser, at the opening of the novel, she’s at the brink of truly apprehending the consequences of her own actions. It is a volatile state, full of latent but misdirected power, perhaps roughly analogous to our current stage in the evolution of the human species. Agnes has not properly prepared herself for motherhood, but voilà, she is a mother. From now on she is responsible not only for her own life, but at least one future life as well. How does she move differently, from that place?

Gotta say, it’s hella relief to have Agnes in book form, finally, I can let go of her and move on.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I would die of loneliness if I did not have the world of the performing arts – in which I would include readings – as a context and focal point of community. A large part of my personality could easily be out in the woods with maybe one or two other humans and lots of goats. Theatre was one of my first loves – but sadly, the theatre school for which I’d won a scholarship accused me of unhappiness and dumped me, so I went hitch-hiking to Central America instead, then came back to Vancouver as one of the founding members of the Frances Street Squats. Writing, on the other hand, has been soul-sustaining and utilitarian through thick and thin. All this to say, I had to invent my own way of performing – even if it meant writing the damn scripts myself.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

Absolutely. Theoretical concerns are the heftiest triggers, just as much as images are, in fact the two often join together to compel artistic grappling. Ethical-aesthetic moments where I feel my mind change about something – paired with an image which comes to represent a question. An image makes the question animate, and share-able. Writing is the activity of examining the question, though the answer to the question may often be the grappling itself.

In Missing the Ark, two engendering images were the swing set, as the framework in which a period of time might be suspended, and the image of the Stanley Park zoo as a labyrinth in which two people meet. The man is a minotaur, and the woman is Alice-like – suggestible to the strange compulsions of the world in which she finds herself. She is existing outside of free will and outside of time, as humans often do without even realizing it. Her life is especially vulnerable to derailment into the deeper grooves of whatever mythology and historical bias have already penned for her – and without much reflection, she mistakes her obsession with biology to be something she has in common with Buffalo man, and moves into his taxidermy studio with him. She conceives a child by him, though she does not particularly trust him. They build an ark together to survive the stormy destruction of their own relationship. It is a weird perversion of the original ark, in that the two humans loll about like gods inside it, while all the animals are dead and stuffed and left outside. Agnes puts up pictures of animals instead, as though to commemorate the lives of the creatures, knowing that this likewise prevents her fellow primate,
Mae West the chimpanzee, with whom she shares the greater kinship, from seeing inside.

Bluntly put, I think the human race, or at least large sectors of it, have missed the boat in terms of our own evolution. This might have occurred centuries or only decades ago, but since then, bad decisions have been stacked upon bad decisions, until the most creative elements of our psyches, whose gifts might more easily have been able prevent certain global crises, have become under-developed, vestigial, atrophied, flaccid. The human psyche needs a major overhaul, and quickly too. We, as a culture, perhaps as a species, I think, are depressed. It’s hard to make a statement like that without being willing to back it up, so I spend a lot of fishing around for examples to tell me I mean by that. Part of me knows this theory of mine is only half-right, because most of the people I meet appear to have their heads on straight, they are not depressed, they basically know right from wrong, they are not war-mongers.

It may be embedded in language, at least in large sectors of it, certain sets of values or more precisely modes of perception which appear, at this point in history, to have become outdated. As though the eyes of history have obvious but undiagnosed cataracts.

Most human cultures, and every artistic genre reaches outside itself to pick up bits and pieces of other genres, to be transformed by them, not to claim them. Each art form, like each artist, matures when it becomes aware of its own limitations – when it desires to collaborate with the wisdom and gifts of other art forms, other cultures, toward the end of mutual enrichment. It appears to me that the language of art is well designed to the highest forms of communication, and is much less embedded with amorphous prejudices and diseases which, perhaps, have resulted from the over-use of language to lie and torture and control. Art is less embedded with political deceit, and tends to be more conversant with nature, whom I regard as our only teacher.

I also believe changes in the human psyche are under way – changes both gentle and radical – there may be a greater possibility for response in the human race just now in history, because more and more people are noticing the shape of what has been missing from our lives.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

Oh geez depends completely on the editor. But definitely essential. What I learned from Missing the Ark was that I have to feel connected with my editor, or the whole process feels too remote to trust – like scratchy speaker-phone directions for crossing a slippery suspension bridge blindfolded. There are people whom I would allow to guide me, and others I wouldn’t, but I have to at least meet the person. My first editor when I signed with Patrick, Katja Pantzar, was awesome – we met to discuss the first draft of the novel, and seemed to be on the same page with things, but then she moved to Finland. After Katja, there were a number of different editors, because my contract moved houses more than once, but Katja was the only one I actually got to meet and sit down with – I admit felt a bit adrift after that.

7 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Everything feels a little bit easier these last few years because I’m a lot happier than I used to be, but then again I don’t aspire toward things being too easy, or what’s the point? Writing is easier, cerainly. I can type much faster than I used to be able to do. I love typing. It’s just like being captain of a submarine, I reckon.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I ate four pears last week. The only pears I feel I can truly rely upon are d’Anjou pears, as Barlett are frequenty mushy or woody and tasteless. D’Anjou pears, especially if allowed to ripen for a few days at room temperature, which they had been, are droolingly juicy and more sweet n’ delicious than guavas. I eat the entire pear, the core and everything except the stem, which is bitter.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

This question is impossible because it’s too soon to tell which advice has ultimately been good.
or Fake it til you make it. I think this is AA advice or something, of which organization I’m not a member but I love the idea that, say, consciously smiling will eventually teach your face to smile more, which in turn will positively effect your mood. You might not believe you’re capable of doing something unless you try playing make-believe a bit, and the visualization actually helps the change to occur. I should make-believe I’m a famous novelist living in a wildlife reserve in South Africa.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (fiction to performance)? What do you see as the appeal?

It has been a blessing that the possibility is there, because I would not be particularly good at one without the other, in terms of the peaceful balance of sanity. In addition to this, I think artists are artists firstly, and might work in any one or several different media. I’d never want to limit myself to one. I love drawing and singing, too, and if I decide to record songs some day, it would be a continuation of, not a contradiction to, being a novelist or a voice actor.

In terms of the way the work is received, though, it’s always been hard to find the right niche for what I do. Yes. I don’t really like the phrase ‘spoken word artist’ which is too bad, because that’s what I’m known for, but it’s not all I do. It may be true, too, that being associated with performance poetry could project a different image than what some might project as a novelist. It may bias some readership that one is so cheeky as to get up on stage and spout rhymes to hip hop beats, if one considers writers to be more serious or introspective people. I really have no idea the reason, but this trans-genre purgatory exists and I didn’t invent it. But I can’t complain about it either, since a person has to prove herself in whatever new genre, if the work is to be accepted.

If someone asks me what I do, I get to say “I perform rhyming animal stories”. You must admit, it’s a pretty hard sell, unless I actually get to do it.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I assume that I will write all day, every day. This is not bound to happen, but if I place it as a direction, then I just naturally sit down to write whenever I am not required to do anything else. I don’t get bored of it, working on a story or a poem is like a puzzle – doesn’t just exist in two dimensions, there are so many ways to turn it around, corners to work on, close-ups and far-angles.

A typical day, I get up, make coffee, and sit down to answer emails and poke about at the writing projects of the day, have a bath, make some kind of blended fruit concoction with toast, then sit down to write for real until I hit a wall, have to get out of the house, go to the yoga studio or buy groceries. In the evening my favourite things to do are write, read, draw, listen to rekkids and sing, all at once. Or have friends over for snacks and drinks, play with the cats, go hear a band, water the plants. I have a bad relationship with the phone, I mostly wish it didn’t exist.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Whatever is on hand. A bike ride, yoga, books about some interesting moss or snails. I have a prized collection of National Geographics which I peruse daily. If something I see or hear sends a shivers up the hair at the back of my neck, leaves me slack-jawed – something makes me go, wow – and from this statement of inarticulate wonder, a story issues. Most often, inspiration comes from seeing reflection of the human condition in the life of some other species – reminds me that my mind is just my mind, and that human experience is not the only measure of reality nor anywhere near it.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

It is much much thicker and heavier. If you threw it at someone, it would actually hurt. My previous publications could not be used as weapons of personal defence, unless you smashed the cd into sharp pointy bits.

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

When I am writing fiction, I do not read fiction, because the effect is like picking up two scratchy radio stations at once. I read poetry or National Geographic, political history, biology. The best thing, though, is getting myself near some trees and birds and water etc.

I think books come from the fissure between the known and the unknown.

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

These were all big when I discovered them:

Dostoyevsky. My friends. Beckett. Iris Murdoch. Joyce. Art & Illusion by E.H.Gombrich. Antjie Krog. Biologist Karl von Frisch. Jungle Capitalism by Peter Chapman. Alice in Wonderland. Edgar Allan Poe. Edward Gorey. Albert Camus. Dracula, by Bram Stoker. Pearl S. Buck. Alice Munro. Grapes of Wrath. bpNichol. Beowulf. Roo Borson. The Mysteries of Udolpho by Ann Radcliffe. Hamlet. Guy de Maupassant. Alligator Pie. Eileen Garrett. Dr.Seuss. The Existentialists. Erich Fromm. D.T.Suzuki. David Suzuki. Blake. Burns. The Romantics. Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley. Daphne duMaurier. Joseph Campbell. Sigmund Freud. Upanisads. Kurt Vonnegut. Madame Bovary. Zora Neale Hurston. The Collected Works of Billy the Kid. Joseph Conrad. Zen poetry. Swamp Angel by Ethel Wilson. The Awakening by Kate Chopin. Margaret Lawrence. Charlotte’s web. J.D Salinger.
16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

SCUBA, baby. Many of my dreams are subaquatic, and I love marine life – for sure I would love scuba diving. I’ve been snorkeling in Bermuda and Mozambique, which was enough to give me a taste of what’ll probably be a big obsession later on – as soon as I imagine myself into being a famous novelist living in South Africa.

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

Wildlife photographer would be one I’d pick, or overseas relieft worker.

But as to what I might have ‘ended up’ doing if not writing, I feel like I wouldn’t be here at all. I travelled around a lot when I was younger, often by myself, and got myself into some treacherous messes sure enough. I hitch-hiked to Central America alone in 1985, to join the women demonstrating against the disappearance of their husbands and sons. I have to wonder whether, without the sedentary and reflective influence of writing, I wouldn’t have just got myself killed for being so reckless, before I grew up enough to know better. Likely I would have ended up travelling to some far away place like Kathmandu and getting stuck there without money or a passport, because that’s already happened.

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

A neurological condition. Either that, or a micro-chip implanted by extra-terrestrials. If I didn’t write I might resort to trepannation and I’m not convinced it works.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

I hardly watch films, I don’t know why not. Maybe I’ll do it later in life, or if I’m laid up with a broken leg. Video imagery seems to take up a lot of space in the brain, which can be wonderful and intense, but other times can just supplant or dull any mental imagery I might’ve conjured up myself. Some film corporations do this deliberately; this strikes me as colonizing of the imagination, and is a position more dangerous than many people suspect, in my belief. Who knows what the imagination of children and adults might be capable of, if it were not being channelled so directly into animated avatars whose image may be purchased as dolls, lunch boxes, bed clothing, bathmats, school supplies, shoes, and watches…

A poet friend of mine in Scotland, Richard Medrington, used to do a puppet show about Winnie the Pooh, with hand-made puppets and himself playing the role of A.A.Milne. The show was very popular at the Edinburgh Fringe. After a few years, he received a cease and desist letter from Disney Corporation, reminding him that the image of Winnie the Pooh was now owned by them, and therefore he was not allowed to profit from the bear’s image via his locally-popular puppet show. This is the most insidious type of theft, since the collective imagination of Winnie the Pooh cannot be owned any more than the moon can be.

That said, I love King Kong and Last King of Scotland, Spellbound and Quadrophenia…heck, even Titanic is brilliant if you press the mute button.

The last great book I read was Jungle Capitalism, by Peter Chapman. Recommended to me by Edinburgh performance poet Jem Rolls, this book is about the political history of bananas in the United States and Central America – and the iron fist United Fruit.

I also just read, Country of my Skull by Antjie Krog, a well-known South African writer I was fortunate to meet at the festival she curates. Her book is a partly-journalistic partly-poetic account of her work as the senior reporter covering the Truth and Reconciliation commission hearings following the fall of Apartheid. It’s a heavy but mind-changing read.

20 - What are you currently working on?

Isn’t it supposed to be a jinx to talk about what you’re working on? Spidey senses tingle…but perhaps it depends on how deeply emersed in the artistic process one happens to be. If I know what remains to be done to complete a project, then it seems okay to talk about it, but if the creation is more formless, still in bits, then it’s less okay to talk about. Some of the impetus dissipates, maybe.

I started writing something wicked silly recently, but will resist calling it anything in particular until it shows itself to be. Just now it is something to play with. In addition to project X, I am semi-emersed in a new dvd/book project which I’m bound to finish at some point – I would envision using some of the wildlife footage Geoff and I gathered in South Africa last Spring. Hyenas and lions, and a dung beetle.

Thursday, September 13, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Souvankham Thammavongsa

Souvankham Thammavongsa was born in Nong Khai, Thailand in 1978. She is the author of two poetry books. Her first book, Small Arguments won the ReLit prize for poetry and was praised for its “beautiful jeweller’s-eye lyrics”. Her second book, Found, is based on a scrapbook that belonged to her father. Her father kept a scrapbook while living in a refugee camp in Laos in 1978. She has presented her poems at The Scream in High Park, Emily Carr, York University’s Canadian Writers in Person Lecture series, and Harbourfront’s Premiere Dance Theatre. She lives in Toronto, Canada.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I made some friends.

2 - How long have you lived in Toronto, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I’ve lived here for 28 years. Everything shapes and has an impact on my writing. Geography is like a pile of dirt and I have to dig through it and dust it off to get what I want from there.

I get asked this question about race and gender a lot. And my first desired response is always “fuck you” but it’s only fair to me and the people who ask that I answer this question honestly and seriously and in the best way that I know how.

I want to believe that race and gender shouldn’t matter but I know that it does. I know that there are expectations for me to write a poor immigrant story or about my pussy or about making jam sandwiches by the window while staring out at the snow. These things have already been written by many many amazing writers and what follows is a desire to link similarities and place things in the same boxes so that it’s easier to market.

I am grateful for a frame, a box, a place but some of these things are old and I don’t necessarily share in that or want it even though I belong to it and come from it.

It’s hard to market me because I’m not really a poor immigrant story, I don’t talk about my pussy, and I don’t write about making jam sandwiches but at the same time I do belong and feed off of the attention that these stories set. And that people need these things to understand where I’m coming from.

I know to sell or gain attention, I have to play up these cards otherwise I’m just a little girl who can’t compete with male writers. I’m grateful that I’m with Pedlar Press and I get the choice to decide how I want to be marketed or approached. I don’t ignore that I’m a person of colour, a woman, poor—that’s there no matter what—but I do wish that these things don’t come before the work or overshadow the writing itself. And it’s my job always to direct people to the writing even though they angle and approach me from a place they don’t come at with other writers. Interviewers always ask “What was it like in the refugee camp…tell us the conditions” but it’s a refugee camp, how do you think the conditions are going to be? Always they see the colour of my skin, what I have between my legs before they start asking about the mechanics of my writing—and some don’t even take it that far.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

A poem usually begins for me when I’m looking at something.

I work both ways—in short pieces that become a larger project which is the book. The short pieces pick into and pull out of each other and the book keeps them together. Also, always, I’m keeping in mind my last book—the one I’m writing to get to.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Public readings are a really important part of writing. People are honest there in a way that an editor, a close friend, or you can’t see.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

Of course.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I think editors are always outside. And they should be. I don’t like to show my work while I’m writing it and working through it. I only want an editor to see it when it’s done.

Editing is a hard job but finding the right editor is even harder. Both my books were edited by Beth Follett. I understood I gave her a hard job to do. She had so little material to work with in such a small and tightly constructed frame. My poems are tightropes. An editor has to balance the words and the blank space around it. Changing a word or a position of that word can make the poem collapse. She was on that tightrope with me. It works because she knows what I’m trying to balance and how I balance it. I look good because she knows what she’s doing.

7 - After having published a couple of titles, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

I’ve always made my books. Or I’ve always been closely involved in the making of my books. I started off printing and binding my own covers. The transition from making my own books to working with a publisher has remained close and intimate. So this has not been hard for me.

If you mean the whole idea of putting together a book—if that’s harder or easier—well, I would have to say it is both. The first book was exciting because it was the first. The second book was exciting too but I was worried. I was afraid my second book would be in the shadow of the first and that it couldn’t come out and strike a place of its own. The first book was easy to put together because it was its own. The second had to be its own too but wrestle its own out of the first. And that part was hard.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Ew. I don’t like pears.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

It was in the Stephen Spielberg movie, The Goonies. The part where the kids were all stuck at the bottom of a wishing well. And the Corey Feldman character wanted to take all the coins thrown into the bottom of the well. Then one of them in the group said he shouldn’t do that since it was someone’s wishes and dreams. Then he picked up a coin and said, “Well, you see this??? This was my dream. My wish. And it didn’t come true. And I’m taking it back. I’m taking it ALL back.” That was the best advice ever.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I don’t really have a writing routine. I just know when NOT to write and I work around that. I never write when I’m upset or feeling really moved and emotional about something. I think feelings can get in the way of writing.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I haven’t experienced a stall that I was seriously worried about. I don’t worry when I don’t write because writing is not all I have. It’s an important part of my life but should I want to walk away from it, I can. And sometimes just giving myself that permission to let it go, makes me want to keep at it even more. I’m patient with myself. I know that there are reasons I’m not writing. Sometimes it’s because I’m simply not ready or capable and there’s nothing wrong with going through that and giving yourself time to hone the skills to do it. And sometimes I just don’t want to.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Found is very different from Small Arguments. Small Arguments looked at bits and pieces of a series of things but Found takes more risk and looks only at one thing in its bits and pieces.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Of course. Otherwise it would be a very boring read.

14 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

I like Richard Pryor. He’s so honest. I’m in awe of how he manages to be so funny and sad at the same time. Just watching him wrestle out some laughter and humour from such fierce and destructive anger and sadness is incredible.

15 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Have a baby. That I have not yet done.

16 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I’m doing it now. I work for a financial newspaper reading stock reports, harvesting that information. I love it very much. It’s because what happens at work never contages my writing such that writing always seems pure and new to me.

I want to be a writer and I set out to be one but not without knowing the realities of publishing poetry. I have hopes and dreams but they come from a solid place that doesn’t fool around with what I want.

17 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Reading made me write. I’m a reader first. The writing, if it happens, is a consequence of that.

18 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Social Acupuncture by Darren O’Donnell.

And a French film titled “My Best Friend”.

19 - What are you currently working on?

A lecture for Trampoline Hall.

12 or 20 questions archive

Wednesday, September 12, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Elizabeth Hay

Elizabeth Hay's fiction includes Garbo Laughs (2003), finalist for the Governor General's Award and winner of the Ottawa Book Award; A Student of Weather (2000), a finalist for the Giller Prize; and the short story collection Small Change (1997), also a nominee for a Governor General's Award. She has written two books of creative non-fiction, The Only Snow in Havana (1992) and Captivity Tales: Canadians in New York (1993), and one other story collection, Crossing the Snow Line (1989). Her most recent novel is Late Nights on Air (2007). In 2002 she received the Marian Engel Award.

Elizabeth Hay grew up in small-town Ontario, attended the University of Toronto, and then travelled west to British Columbia, and, a year later, north to Yellowknife. There she began to work for CBC Radio. For the next ten years she worked as a broadcast journalist, moving from Yellowknife to Winnipeg and then to Toronto. In 1984 she travelled to Mexico and stayed. Two years later she moved to New York City. In 1992, riven with homesickness, she returned to Canada, settling in Ottawa with her husband and two children. She has lived in Ottawa ever since.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I was living in New York City, and shortly before Crossing the Snow Line came out from Black Moss Press, the poet Fred Wah happened to visit me and he warned me not to expect much and he was right. It was a useful warning.

Having my first book come out changed very little. That was 1989.

2 - How long have you lived in Ottawa, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I've lived in Ottawa since the summer of 1992 and the city has played a role, sometimes large, sometimes very small, in every book I've written here. Place matters to me -- the look of the streets I walk down, the weather, the sense of the past, the encroachment of the future. I have almost no sense of direction, except an unfailing sense of homesickness when I'm away, and a need for northern light, air, contours, vegetation, seasons. In my late twenties and early thirties, as the feminist I remain, I wasn't very open to male writing. That changed. I learn as much from men as from women.

3 - Where does a piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I tend to know at the start whether the material I'm working with will be a short story or a novel. A story will have fewer starting points and will arise more directly from a worry. A novel will come from some broader thing -- an interest in a period of time, a theme I want to explore, like shyness or anger, or a challenge I've set myself, like writing in the third person or from a male point of view. With a novel nothing really gets moving until the characters begin to form. Sometimes, and this doesn't happen enough, an image will direct and clarify my thoughts as it did with the story "Hand Games."

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Public readings take a toll. I enjoy reading to an audience, but I lose sleep beforehand and afterwards. Being interviewed is much worse.

5 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

My novels owe a tremendous amount to rigorous editing by Ellen Seligman at McClelland & Stewart. It's hard for me to sustain a narrative for hundreds of pages. She asks questions, finds weaknesses, demands depth. There are a million things to think about when you write a novel. I only ever think of 500,000. She thinks of the rest.

6 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

No easier. I must have more confidence now. But confidence comes and goes.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

I ate a pear this morning and it wasn't quite ripe. I love pears. They don't hurt my teeth the way tart apples do, though I love tart apples. The last time I read about pears, I was in England admiring the tawny yellow tones of stone houses in Dorset. Sylvia Townsend Warner wrote that those houses are the colour of a sun-ripened pear. As a fruit, pears are a little more Quakerly than plums. Plums are hot.

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

V.S. Pritchett said, "When in doubt, increase the difficulty." I think he was writing about Turgenev and making the observation that Turgenev's writing truly caught fire when he challenged himself.

9 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I like to be at my desk before anybody else is up, and I almost always manage that. No set routine. It depends on whether or not I've slept. Coffee. Meusli pita. It's the best time of the day for me. I spend the morning there, barring obligations that take me away. Often I go to a midday exercise class at Carleton U. More reading and rumination in the afternoon, again barring other commitments. The mystery is why I don't produce more given my recent luxurious hours.

10 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Reading releases the flow of writing. I pick up a book, frequently poetry, and read for a while.

11 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

You ask too many questions.

12 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I think that's true. Books come from books. Paintings are a more indirect influence. I can often see what's wrong with a painting -- the composition doesn't work, the energy is off -- more easily than I can see what's wrong with a story. Paintings bathe my senses and wake up my sense of possibility.

13 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

I would like to be a good dancer. I have more books I want to write and places in the Ottawa Valley and in Scotland that I want to visit. It would seem I want the time to write, above all.

14 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

If I'd had more nerve, I might have been an actress. At fourteen, I wanted to be an actress. At fifteen, I knew I would be a writer.

15 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

An exercise in English class tricked me into writing a poem. I was fifteen.

16 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

Don DeLillo's Falling Man was the last great book. I read it last week. A month ago I watched The Godfather again with my son.

17 - What are you currently working on?

Some stories, and in the back of my mind another novel.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Sheila E. Murphy

Sheila E. Murphy's most recent book publications are The Case of the Lost Objective Case, Otoliths Press 2007, Continuations (with Douglas Barbour), The University of Alberta Press 2006 and Incessant Seeds, Pavement Saw Press 2005. She reads with Douglas Barbour with Edmonton poet and fiction writer Jonathan Meakin at Hulbert's Cafe, 7601-115 Street, Edmonton on Thursday, September 22, 2007 at 7:30pm (come early; seating is limited).

1 - How did your first book change your life?

With House Silence, my first “full-length” book, from Stride in the UK (Rupert Loydell, Publisher) functioned as a confirmation for me. First of all, it was an invited book. Rupert had published my work in his magazine on multiple occasions. He suggested that I send him a book manuscript. I was only too happy to do that. The book that emerged consisted exclusively of the term I was to coin several years hence: American haibun. The response to this volume was very positive. My now deceased friend Gerald Burns called this my “best book” many years later. I have always felt very good about this book, because of its natural feeling, its relative freshness. I love the way Rupert put it together. Everything seemed to complement the writing.

2 - How long have you lived in Phoenix, and how does geography, if at all,impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I have lived in Phoenix all of my adult life. It was my chosen home, and early on represented freedom. It’s a wide-open place, the fifth largest city in the United States, growing and beautiful. The red rocks one sees in Sedona, the mountains that define this city as “the Valley of the Sun,” mean something very profound to me. The Desert Botanical Garden, the drive from here in every direction, are natural wonders that I love being part of, both physically and psychically. Geography does influence my work, I am certain. I used to be a daily climber of a little mountain near where I am sitting now (1.2 miles to the top). I would see glorious, tiny owls as I climbed. I know that race and gender are inspiring when I see the wide range of what I’m part of.

3 - Where does a poem/piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

I work in many different ways. Some of the pieces begin as part of a larger entity (as in the yet-unpublished Omnia, deliberately written in segments using a particular format). Using listservs and group blogs, I love to write shortish pieces that I post immediately as they are created.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I love to speak or read publicly. It is a major part of who I am in all spheres of my life. I have a background in musical performance, and have done a good deal of performing in my life. I have taught either as a primary profession or as a subset of other professions throughout my life’s work. And I’m still at it, “going strong.” The short answer is part of, yes.

5 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I love working with an outside editor. I have one person who has worked with me for a long period of time, and she is so very good that I look forward to the tilt that she places on something, the opportunity to improve a work that she (uniquely) appears to perceive. I always learn from being edited.
6 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?
Certainly very natural, and probably therefore easier than previous projects. I like to look outside myself and not focus too much on being troubled or (artificially, it would seem) concerned over how something with at least some life of its own is being propelled into a shapely existence, one that I would not have been able to predict precisely.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

About two weeks ago I had a marvelous Bartlett pear sliced moderately thinly. Lovely with white cheese.

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Find every possible reason you can to love other people. And then love them.

9 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to prose)? What do you see as the appeal?

It is not too difficult. My preference is for poetry, as that is how my mind works. Plot and I are not exactly chums. But I like reading others’ plots.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?
I write something every day. It is easier than not to do so. I look for excuses (something to enter into a blog, something called for, for a particular occasion, something that is a part of a larger work I’m building gradually).

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I look at something (art, nature) or I listen to something (nature, music) or I meditate, or I walk, or I read, or simply write.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

The Case of the Lost Objective (Case), just out from Otoliths Press (Mark Young, Publisher) includes 12 plates that are visual poetry or word art, and therefore have an entirely different entity from textual poems. The textual work in that new book includes some very personal things, notably a particular piece called “Embrace” about my mother and me. The first poem in the book relates to my still rather new relationship with visual art.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are thereany other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, scienceor visual art?

Music has been instilled in me from the time I was 10 years old. I played flute very seriously through the time I was about 23. Music is always an influence. I think musically. I hear as though I’m listening to music. I think in sound. Nature is important. People’s voices are important.

14 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

I would like to make it possible for someone with natural creative gifts, who has not had any support to speak of, to be given an opportunity for exposure to what he or she needs to learn and explore in the art of that person’s choice.

15 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

Had women been allowed to be priests, I would have been a priest. Alternatively, I would have enjoyed being an actor or a financial consultant.

16 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

The teaching I had in high school made me instantly identify with poets. I couldn’t help that. When I saw how these poets perceived, I recognized some of the patterns as kin to my own. I also liked the way these individuals seemed to be perceived. I love how I feel when I am writing or have written something.

17 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

I have a real weakness for humor. I listened to a book (one of many) by Alexander McCall Smith: Portuguese Irregular Verbs. It’s beyond hysterically funny when heard on tape. The narrator is gifted. I would place a caveat that one listen rather than simply eyeball the book.

The Talent Given Us is an incredibly brave film by Andrew Wagner. Priceless and brilliant and filled with surprise.

18 - What are you currently working on?

I am privileged to be working on the book Continuations, a collaboration with Douglas Barbour since November 2000. That project is very important to me. I am always writing individual poems, too, as well as creating visual work, both textual-visual and pictures/drawings sans words.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Andy Brown

Andy Brown is the co-editor of You & Your Bright Ideas: New Montreal Writing (with rob mclennan, Véhicule Press) and Running with Scissors (Cumulus Press), the latter co-edited with Meg Sircom. He is a contributing editor for Matrix magazine, the author of the short story collection I can see you being invisible (D.C. Books, 2003) and the novel The Mole Chronicles (Insomniac Press, 2006), as well as founder of the acclaimed small publishing house Conundrum Press. He lives in Montreal.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

My first "official" book was I can see you being invisible which was published by DC Books under the editorship of the late Robert Allen. This did not really change anything because the book was partly a collection of chapbooks I had self published through what became conundrum press. My first chapbook changed my life I suppose because I saw how I could assemble my work in an interesting package and try to get it out there. This was the single story for a single dollar chapbook Sleeves Sewn Shut. It was well received and made me realize that I could continue to both write and publish.

2 - How long have you lived in Montreal, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I've been in Montreal since 1991. I think in a lot of my writing the city becomes its own character. I suppose for me the first step of writing is observing and since this is where I live that is what I observe. I guess race and gender only impact my work in their absence, since I am caucasian and male. Perhaps this is part of the invisibility I write about, I am part of the great unwashed mainstream and to be unique must focus on something else.

3 - Where does a piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

It used to be that I would sit down to write without a set plan and produced short stories which may eventually lead to a book. Now I don't have the luxury of time, so everything is planned for a greater whole, when I actually get anything done at all. This is difficult because there is no immediate gratification, such as with a poem or short story, and when the book is finally published the gratification is lessened due to the time it takes to come out and you're already on to the next thing.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I would say they are not part of my process but I do them and sometimes enjoy myself. Often I can see what's wrong in a sentence by reading it out loud to an audience. If I want to skip over it then there is something wrong...

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I am not too interested in theory. I want to tell a story but I suppose there are certain themes which continually spring up. One of which is the absurdity and randomness of everyday life. What happens when we interrogate moments? Part of the absurdity and randomness of course is tied to death since it is the most random and absurd thing about life. However, I try to be funny when writing about these subjects. The last thing I want to do is be morbid. I will probably start writing more about children since that's where I find myself. They are endlessly facinating.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I appreciate the outside eye an editor can provide but the editors I've had have been too easy on me.

7 - After having published a couple of titles over the past few years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Book-making is a loaded term for me since I am a publisher, writer, editor, designer etc. I'd say all aspects of book-making have become easier except the writing part and this is because the other book-making projects have taken up all the time. Also since I really think only in terms of larger projects their completion seems daunting to me.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Two days ago. Shared it with my two year old.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

Don't be ashamed to show your hairy chest in public and never have any regrets. Words to live by.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (short fiction to the novel)? What do you see as the appeal?

Reasonably easy I guess. The more you write short bits the more you can see how to make them longer.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

A typical day for me does not include writing at all. As for a writing routine I try and write down snippets of ideas and scenes in a notebook, then every labour day weekend write like crazy using the notes and hopefully get 50 pages done. Then the same thing next year. And after that until there is a novel. In between I think. Germinate. When I'm on deadline for an article or something I need to have three solid days with nothing else and that's all I do. I need to be immersed you could say. I have no idea how people can write every day. I'd never get any work done.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Taking a walk around the neighbourhood (wherever I happen to be) and observing very closely what's happening, listening to strangers' conversations. Paying attention is the best inspiration. And of course reading.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

My most recent published work was the novel The Mole Chronicles. I would say this was the natural extention of what I was already doing into novel form. What I am doing now is a collaboration on a comic strip, which in form is very structured like a daily in the newspaper. So it is a VERY different project for me because I'm writing comics, doing storyboards essentially, but also because of the collaborative aspect. I think I needed both those things to move on.

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I would agree that books come from books but there is more to that statement of course. It's a chicken and egg argument. I would say that art and nature are strong influences for me, however you define those terms. I read a lot of comics (or graphic novels), publish them too, so I think in a visual language, or rather the combination of image and text which can produce something other. As a publisher I'm amazed how many solid writers have absolutely no visual sense. Yet we primarily absorb the world through our eyes. I guess I'm an imagistic writer for that reason.

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

I have turned a lot to non-fiction lately. Biographies. Cultural history. But the novels I read in my formative years come back to influence me for sure. Auster, DeLillo, Ondaatje, Saramago. These authors I would continue to check out their latest books. But mostly I am influenced by the writers I am publishing, all of whom I respect, and many of whom blow me away as much as any other writer. Kidd, Frost, Blomgren, Kalynchuk, Merrick. In this sense I have no life outside my work.

16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Humanitarian Aid. Build a well for a village or something. Help someone become a publisher in their own country to tell the stories of their own people.

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

Professional athlete.

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Wasn't a good enough athlete. And factory work was mind numbing.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

The second half of Jose Saramago's The Double. Editing Maya Merrick's The Hole Show now which is pretty awesome. Don't see many films anymore but remember liking Babel.

20 - What are you currently working on?

The aforementioned "daily" comic strip called "Milo and Sam" with award-winning cartoonist Joe Ollmann. Also a non-fiction book about comics legend Jack Kirby.

12 or 20 questions archive

Tuesday, September 11, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Ken Norris

Ken Norris was born in New York City in 1951. He emigrated to Canada in the early seventies and quickly became one of Montreal's infamous Vehicule Poets. His work has been widely anthologized in Canada and in the English-speaking world, as well as published in translation in Quebec, France, Belgium, Israel and China. He now teaches Canadian literature and creative writing at the University of Maine. His selected poems, Hotel Montreal, is available from Talonbooks.

1. How did your first book change your life?

I always tell my creative writing students that a big dividing line is between unpublished and published authors. You can say you're a writer, but you really don't exist as a writer until you're published. So my first book made me feel real. Plus, in Montreal it gave me a sudden visibility, and I became friends with poets like Artie Gold and Endre Farkas.

There is, of course, the other big dividing line: Shakespeare, and everybody else.

2. How long have you lived in Maine, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I've been teaching in Maine for twenty-three years, but I don't really live in Maine. I tend to live everywhere else. I have one book ABOUT Maine--The Way Life Should Be--that I really had to tone down, lest I offend too many people.

Usually, geography has a huge impact on my work. There are the South Seas books, and the six or seven books with Asian settings that are starting to be published. In an Asian setting, or a South Seas setting, I come across as very Caucasian. Critics have always liked talking about my masculine identity or persona, not always the same thing.

3. Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

Ever since I started working with notebooks (around 1981) I would say that the unit of composition for me has been the book. The notebooks condense to form the book, but they create the shape of the book from the outset.

A poem usually begins for me with the nothingness, the empty space, of the blank page. I believe that if I concentrate deeply enough upon nothingness, upon blankness, something will emerge. I write, and am surprised by what I've written. The poem is hardly ever pre-thought, preconceived.

4. Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I would say that for about twenty-five years public readings were a large part of my creative process, a large part of the revisionary process, really. In the past five years or so I'm not interested in readings at all. I rarely attend them, and I hardly ever do them. I've gone from being Walt Whitman to being Emily Dickinson.

I now think of myself as a poetry recluse.

5. Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I have always hated reading philosophy and literary theory. To me, they are very empty disciplines. But I like poetry that enacts philosophy or explores a theoretical proposition. Poetry is a way of making philosophy and theory credible.

No fixed or programmatic questions. But the poet is the best metaphysician that we have.

6. Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

Essential. I can "approximate" a book, but I need an editor to help me to finalize it. My manuscripts are usually around 115% of the final book. I need an editor to help me complete the focus.

My two favourite editors: Karl Siegler and bpNichol.

7. After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

The manuscript I just finished about three weeks ago was the hardest manuscript to write in the past twenty years. I worked on it for three years, and it never had a working title that managed to last longer than a week. So this manuscript probably had something like fifty different working titles. Until I wrote the last line of the last poem I didn't know what the title of the book was. Usually, I know the title of the book very early on.

Before working on this manuscript, I probably would have said that the process of book-making gets easier over time. Now I'm not so sure.

8. When was the last time you ate a pear?

This hasn't been a stellar summer for fruit for some reason. I had some really nice strawberries back in July. And some nice watermelon and pineapple when I was in Asia in August. I think the last time I ate a pear was the summer of 2006. I don't like pears very much, and it's hard to find a good one.

9. What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

As you may know, as a young writer I used to be involved in a lot of community activities: readings, publishing, etc.

Back in 1984, at Louis Dudek's retirement party from McGill, I was telling Leonard Cohen about my plan to inaugurate something I was calling The Montreal Review Of Books. Leonard gave me some great advice, in four words. He said, "Do your own work."

I think I was ready to hear that, and I took it to heart.

10. What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I try to write two poems a day. Some days I forget. Some days I write seven poems. I have notebooks that are 144 pages, and I start a new notebook every three months.

There are no typical days. I used to write at night. Now I usually write in the morning. If I'm travelling, I write between one and four in the afternoon.

11. When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

When I'm working on a book I have two writers who I always consult. I have in my possession the books they wrote when they were my age. When I get stuck I read some of their poems from those books. It helps to get me focused.

12. How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

My most recent book is a book called Going Home. It is the first book in which I am really delving deeply into memory. In my fifties I'm finding that memory is a great resource. When you're younger you go more with the now than with the back then. Memory is becoming more and more important. It's a way of retrieving the world that you knew.

13. David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

When I was in my early twenties I wrote a lot of record reviews. I think the art of the album has really influenced my sense of how you put a book together.

14. What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

Shakespeare, Wordsworth, Byron, Shelley, Keats might be influences most critics would miss, being focused on the modern and contemporary and Canadian. After the Romantics I get pretty disinterested in British poetry, and my allegiances shift.

15. What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Play second guitar in Eric Clapton's band.

16. If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

In my early twenties I was a singer-songwriter, playing in a band and hanging around Tin Pan Alley. Had I not been so interested in poetry, I probably would have stuck with that.

17. What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?
I can't draw. And I have always liked the figurative in art.

18. What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

The best read of the past ten years was reading all of Byron's Don Juan. I know it's a lousy movie, but I am quite partial to The Godfather, Part Three.

19. What are you currently working on?

I finished a manuscript in Macau three weeks ago, and am now about ten poems into a new book. It will take me three or four years to write the first draft.
12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Joshua Marie Wilkinson

Joshua Marie Wilkinson was born on December 2, 1977 and raised on 128th Street in the north end of Seattle on Haller Lake. He was educated at Roosevelt High School, North Seattle Community College (AA), Western Washington University (BAE), University of Arizona (MFA), University College Dublin (MA), and University of Denver, where he recently earned his PhD after completing a dissertation directed by Eleni Sikelianos. His writing has appeared in more than eighty journals and anthologies, including Colorado Review, New American Writing, The Seattle Review, and Jubilat. Written as a corollary to the Rachel's album Music for Egon Schiele, his first book, Suspension of a Secret in Abandoned Rooms (Pinball, 05), takes its title from Theresa Hak Kyung Cha's Dictee and revolves around the intersections between Egon Schiele, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Georg Trakl circa WWI. His second book, Lug Your Careless Body out of the Careful Dusk, won the 2005 Iowa Poetry Prize and developed from an ekphrastic conversation with the paintings of Susan Rothenberg, among others. Figures for a Darkroom Voice (Tarpaulin Sky Press, 07) was co-written with Noah Eli Gordon in Denver (its title was lifted from an Eric Baus poem) and will be released next month with drawings and art work by Noah Saterstrom. Wilkinson's fourth collection, The Book of Whispering in the Projection Booth, is due out in 2008 or 2009, and Octopus Books recently published The Book of Truants & Projectorlight. Two new chapbooks are forthcoming: The Book of Flashlights, Clover, & Milk (with artwork by Cecilia Johnson; Pilot Books, 07) and A Brief History of Gossip (Dos Press, 08). Since 2003, he has been making a tour documentary about the band Califone with Solan Jensen, and that film is set for release next year as well. For now, he edits/directs a poetry journal on dvd called Rabbit Light Movies in Chicago where he also teaches creative writing at Loyola University. New poems are forthcoming in Gulf Coast, New Orleans Review, Luna, and Sonora Review. He publishes under a pen-name after his paternal grandmother, Marie Wilkinson (1913-2000), who was also a poet and teacher from Saskatchewan and Montana.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

Well, I spent about four years writing it. Actually, though he probably won't remember this, Mark Doty told me that he wrote one poem when he did his MFA years and years ago. This stuck with me, or clicked something on for me, and I decided I would do the same and try to work on this one project. I moved to Bratislava shortly after graduating from college (via Czech Republic, Spain, and two months in Ankara and a week up on the Turkish Black Sea). I wanted to be close to the places where Egon Schiele painted, lived, worked, served in WWI, and was--however briefly--imprisoned. In this way, writing became something quite different, in that I wasn't writing "poems" or discreet things that could safely be called poems at all. But I wrote a lot--a couple thousand pages (most of it terribly awful stuff, stuff I had to get through, apparently) and took lots of photos--and traveled pretty extensively by train around that region: in Austria, Slovakia, Czech, Northern Italy, and I ended up in Hungary three or four times.

Before I moved to Bratislava (which, if you don't know it, is about the dead center of Europe, the capital of Slovakia, and on the Danube, downriver from Vienna and upriver from Budapest), I had applied to MFA programs—not because I thought you had to have one to be a writer, but because I wanted time to write, some mentors, and time to teach. I ended up in Tucson at University of Arizona, and worked there with Jane Miller, mostly. She was a great teacher and she cut this "Schiele poem" down drastically--saying, basically, you have twelve good pages here (out of the 120 page manuscript I'd naively handed in) and she said: re-write it around these twelve pages. I was devastated, but she was absolutely right. And I wrote—after a maddening (but ultimately really positive) summer in my friend Solan's basement in Alaska trying to complete it. As with most writers, it was categorically rejected from dozens of presses; and then this little press called Pinball read it (I was in Dublin, Ireland by this time, in film school there), and they ended up publishing it. They are lovely people and did a really nice job with the book. So writing the book changed me considerably (I started it in 2000 and finished the final draft sometime in 2004; it was published in June of 2005). The book's appearance was a tremendous relief—and a bit confusing, mostly because not much in my daily life changed. Pinball is a small press, run by a couple, Laura and Austin, who do just about everything by hand, and like many other small presses, they have limited distribution, so....it was a relief to me, and a relief that we'd been able to get rights to a rarely-reproduced painting of Schiele's younger sister Gerti for the cover—from my favorite "period" of Schiele's: 1910. But nothing major happened at all. By the time it came out I was living in Denver working on my PhD and trying to cut the film I was making with Solan. And I had already finished drafts of my second book by the time Suspension of a Secret in Abandoned Rooms was out, so....I was ready to be "beyond" my first book, but didn't want to overlook its appearance in the world—a strange feeling, I guess, but it's always so exciting to focus on the newest stuff, and by that time my second manuscript of poems was a few years old....I was surprised, actually, that Suspension got some reviews, and two years on it's almost sold out its first printing.

2 - How long have you lived in Denver, and how does geography, if at all,impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

Well, I lived in Denver for three years—the longest I've lived any place since I lived in Seattle, where I grew up. Denver was the most uninteresting place I've lived, but I got so much writing and film work done and taught so much (and earned my PhD) that I can hardly curse the place. Presently, I live in Chicago, but I just moved here. I think geography plays a huge part, but it's not one that I'm particularly aware of at any given moment. I think all the traveling I did (and continue to do in a more limited way) has an undeniable effect—it's tricky to say how exactly.
There are places I keep returning to in my work, certain landscapes that my writing seems to want to call up: parts of Dublin, near where I lived (Ranelagh, Rathmines); certain streets and corners in Tucson, Arizona; some of the towns in northern Turkey, especially Trabzon which I fell in love with immediately; Seattle must be in the work since I spent so much of my life there and continue to go back a few times a year; the Baltics and Poland where I traveled with Solan; British Columbia and the Yukon, which I drove through to get up to Juneau, Alaska from Arizona in order to finish Suspension...I think all these places sort of ghost in and out of the work in unknown ways, and certain places continue to figure, to be backdrops, to be imagined. There are so many places—

but sometimes it's just places I passed through: the train station in Warsaw was pretty haunting, for some reason; when Solan and I got to Latvia there was about two feet of snow on the ground, and this stays with me; being in Trabzon on census day was like being in a recently abandoned town; there are parts of Ankara that I know I'll never see again (the top of this weird little rubble hill above the city comes to mind)....all these places haunt the work, but never intentionally. I loved Lisbon and Stockholm and all the times I've been to Lincoln, Nebraska I have loved since two of my good friends live there; I stayed in Las Cruces, New Mexico one night with an old friend when I had to get out of Denver; I spend one weekend a year in Southern California with my family and always try to get out to Joshua Tree, which I've been to four or five times now; there is a little driftwood beach just south of Bellingham, Washington, where I went to college that I think of, a place where I took my friends when they'd visit; I spent a weekend in Budapest with a friend who I've since completely lost touch with; all these places, as far as I have any sense of it—and perhaps I am the worst person to tell you about what I've written—all of these places seem to gather and become a phantom landscape behind the poems. Montana where I went as a kid; weird parts of Nevada that Solan and I drove through more than ten years ago; this certain corner in Green Point, Brooklyn where I took an insanely long walk with my friend Mathias in the middle of the night...I could go on and on, actually....the first time I was in New Orleans by myself for about a week, wandering around, about nine years ago...For each one I think of, there are about 8 more and it seems to fan out exponentially....I used to drive these really long stretches in the States alone with Son House and John Coltrane records playing on repeat: Savannah to New Orleans; Albuquerque to Salt Lake City; my friends and I drove from Boise to Denver in a day last year after three readings....on and on....L.A. to Seattle in a day by myself....driving across Texas to Atlanta from Tucson with my friend Dave a couple years ago.... and Solan and I were in 35 cities in a period of three or four months with a band called Califone, making a tour documentary about them, and places like Napoli I will never be able to forget; that city is astonishing. Race and Gender? I have no idea. Both of these are integral, but how, exactly, I couldn't begin to articulate.

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

A poem usually begins as prose writing, and I accumulate a lot of it, then I mine it for something that has a certain spark. I throw away heaps of what issues forth. But I type up what seems to pass some test and then I arrange it, sometimes into discreet poems, but usually into longer sections, passages, parts, or longer poems. I tend to gravitate towards the "book-length poem"—though I can't exactly say why. I wrote two of them, Suspension and my second book, Lug Your Careless Body out of the Careful Dusk, sort of simultaneously, and they're quite different from one another, but I still love not having to be a "poem" poet—

though I forced myself to be, in my new book, just to break it up and not to keep writing the same book—though I don't think I'm really in danger of that. When I write, I'm generally working on a "project" of some kind, and I can't live without having a project; I go insane if I don't have one; I fidget or get into a kind of low-point which lifts instantly when I begin working again. So I try to sustain this by having a few different kinds of projects. I'm not an "everyday I write at 6am" writer. I write heavily when I need to; in the interim I have other projects like teaching (which I love nearly as much as writing), and reading, and interviewing other poets (I'm slowly interviewing Hoa Nguyen and Dottie Lasky now), and making short poem movies of my friends' and strangers' poems. I write an occasional review (I'm writing one of Jay Wright's new book that Flood Editions just released, it's so lovely, so strange), but I need to do more review writing, definitely.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

I think they are part of it, oddly. I think I would've answered differently a year ago, but after doing five readings in the Midwest with Zach Schomburg and Mathias Svalina, I really loved the ones that went well—and they seemed to be generative in a way that I hadn't experienced before—and I tended to be really discouraged with my readings I thought were really poor. Reading in Mathias's basement in Lincoln, Nebraska was the single best reading I've been a part of. It was also one of the smallest audiences, but everything seemed to click, and it was fun, and Julie Doxsee read with us—maybe it was just because I was feeling sentimental and silly because it was the last of five readings on the road; but it went so well: the reading didn't feel outside the work, it felt a part of it in a way that a reading—even readings on that tour—didn't feel...So I think now—though I don't improvise at all—that readings feed into the creative process. And perhaps when you're off a bit—and there are those readings where you'd rather be in bed or someplace else or talking to the cashier at the bookstore or at home with tea, your dog, and the new Tiny Vipers record—and it does seem "counter" to your creative process.

5 - Do you have any theoretical concerns behind your writing? What kinds of questions are you trying to answer with your work? What do you even think the current questions are?

I tend to go in spells with this. But I'm never trying to work out conscious questions in my work; which is funny, partly because certain poems I've written tend to ask a lot of questions (Lug is full of them), and partly because I tend to read a lot of theory. Depending on how broadly this is meant, of course, (I mean: I like to know what poets are reading, so I'll mention a few favorites here if that's alright) I return often to Wittgenstein's notebooks and the Investigations; there was a certain time writing Suspension where I spent a lot of time with his Remarks on Colour and Ray Monk's amazing biography, one of my favorite books of all time; Benjamin's little essays on Baudelaire and Brecht and Proust; Žižek's film writing, his interviews, his writing on Lacan (so everything); Foucault's interviews, pieces of other later writings; Adorno's Minima Moralia is a favorite; all of Barthes from Writing Degree Zero to Barthes Par Barthes , my favorite of his books. I never fell in love with Spivak or Butler or Marx or even Deleuze and Guattari the way some of my friends have, variously; though I really liked Deleuze's book on Francis Bacon, and read it while I was living in Dublin and visiting Bacon's reconstructed studio there. I think that Badiou's Fifteen Theses on Contemporary Art are some of the most devastating propositions about making art that I've encountered. And I love Marjorie Perloff's criticism. I think some of the pieces in Differentials are so wonderful and even a few sad and disarming pieces in there: I'm thinking of "Why I'm not a Poet" and the first essay; I've been reading William Corbett's prose which is wonderful....on and on....I tend to bounce around with so much stuff. Derrida, actually, has a couple of books I love: namely, The Post Card, his essay "On Forgiveness"; his writings about Celan are indispensable to me; and I love the early essays on Ponge; his eulogies which are so heartbreaking and beautiful; and his writings about poetry (the hedgehog!); and his last interview, which my friend Dave gave me as a gift recently—all these I love and will return to again and again. I don't write directly about this stuff—or address it directly in the work—but I imagine some, all, or at least a little of it comes in here and there.

6 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

I think there's some Phillip Levine essay or interview where he talks about how there's no more great poetry editors left. I wish there were more editors! I love it when poetry editors make suggestions. Noah Eli Gordon and I had a few collaborative poems out at that journal Forklift, Ohio and Matt Hart, the editor, wrote back with suggestions (he suggested that we remove one of the lines that I'd written that Noah had been wanting to take out—but for some stubborn reason, I had resisted) and Matt's suggestion was right: it improved the poem, really, and I caved in, gratefully. Noah, of course, had a good laugh. For my books, the editing has been relatively minimal. Though in the cases of Lug and Suspension, I got a few good suggestions and they caught really miniscule stuff that I wouldn't have. But I've never had a comprehensive overhaul by an outside reader; this is probably why Jane Miller was so huge an influence. She wouldn't let me get away with any padding or lesser writing. It all had to be as good as the best writing, so I ended up throwing out hundreds of pages of that manuscript—exactly what I needed to do: a good outside eye/ear with the confidence to say, "write better, I know you can." It's so rare anymore. Now I'm a scrupulous editor of myself, rarely show raw or half-finished work to anybody, and usually don't try to publish things as rashly as I used to.

7 - After having published a couple of titles over the past few years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

It's hard, but I love it more and more! I keep wanting to make books, for some reason. I love it, and I never know what I'm doing. Usually I set up some troubling or fastidious constraint (like making a book that conforms exactly--

syllable for syllable, line for line, stanza for stanza, poem for poem, section for section--exactly to one of Paul Celan's books in the original German) and then trying to carry it out breaks down and at the moment it does, if there's any life left, usually it's supercharged—that is, whatever has made it through the gears of this cruel machine is even more alive precisely because of the constraint. That's my new book—what I hope will be my fifth book (it will have a one-word title, I promise) but these things tend to get all out of order, because who knows if anybody will publish it; and I really did that, and it really did break down, and I'm so happy with what emerged, even though it was an insane idea to follow Celan's German that closely, syllable for syllable, etc. It becomes obsessive to try to make some book—for me it's not poems, it is a small book, and I love the idea of writing a book that feels complete but that can be read in one or two sittings. A book you can read cover to cover in the bathtub, that's the ideal thing to me. Does it get harder? I don't think anything will be harder than trying to finish my first book, which several times I threw out the window, into the trash, onto a passing train car, into the jaws of a lost lion....I hope nothing's harder than that! I actually broke down during all that in Tucson; my friend can vouch for it. But then again I brooded about a new book this summer and finally had a breakthrough once I started teaching again—I tend to need a lot going on in order to get work done—otherwise I walk a lot and read and read. So it's still hard—I'm talking about a new monster poem that I'm writing now, what I hope will be my sixth book, and now all I want to do is work on it and go to class to see what my students are doing and thinking about and writing and come home and cook and walk my dog and then write and write and write until late, that's what I want to do now. So if it doesn't get any easier—and I don't necessarily think it does—it does seem more and more exciting, partly because you know you might have some small audience for it, and you know that you can't rely on what you've done before—you have to leave the other books behind you and do something new.

8 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

No clue. But I really like the new Tiny Vipers record and I just started reading Selah Saterstrom's new novel, The Meat and Spirit Plan, and it's great so far.

9 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to
you directly)?

My dad's a businessman, but we find some common ground with regard to work habits and we both love to talk about work. We both like having projects; we're both probably clueless without one, so it's perpetual. We were in this antique furniture store—three stories—in downtown Seattle, a few weeks ago (I had come home for his 65th birthday, to visit my family, and to do a couple of readings for this tribute to Theodore Roethke) and my dad and I were really just wandering around to talk—neither of us was really shopping for furniture. But my dad's really curious; he'll go into just about any old shop. And mostly we were just talking about stuff and walking around and looking as much at the old building (near South Lake Union, on Republican, I think) which had been an old car dealership maybe 60-80 years ago, and then it was the first indoor archery range in the city, which, I just love that). Then my dad started asking the guy behind the counter what the secret to staying in business is: and the guy said a few things, but at the end of it all, he said, "Go to work, just: go to work." And he said it really emphatically. Maybe because I was stuck with something that I was writing at the time that when he said it, it reminded me that you just have to go back to the page (I write by hand, with a pen) and work it out that way—that's it. There's no real solution from the outside, only from within the work. In this sense, the constraint is just an exterior ruse, just a point of departure, not a solution at all, just a diving board or a break in the forest through which to enter. But you're still in the woods all of a sudden. At any rate, it made some sense to me. Partly, also, I think, because it seemed to have to do with the degree of commitment to the work, the way he was saying it.

10 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to film)? What do you see as the appeal?

I sort of don't know and I still don't have a good answer for this. Though I make little films and have been making this Califone documentary with Solan—and I made two narrative films in film school—and though I write books, I'm still not sure how they feed off each other. But that's not the question. How easy has it been to move between them? Fairly seamless, I guess. I tend to be belligerently visual, and I tend to film stuff the same way I generate writing—just try to get it down (or into the camera) and then worry about shaping it into something later. When I need a break from a writing project (and I tend to take 2-3 month breaks from any book that I'm writing, so that when I come back I'm a different enough person/writer/reader/editor/thinker that I know exactly how to change or rearrange or edit or cut it down, etc.) then I switch to film, and go out and collect footage or work on a batch of little poem films for a few weeks for hours on end. When I first got to Chicago, I'd ride my bike around or ride the train around just collecting footage. There are these huge steel factories near my house on the Chicago river that they're closing down, apparently; so I filmed down there and on the buses. Especially when it's cloudy, I go and film, mostly because I just love being outside when it's overcast (I detest sunlight, direct sunlight, almost invariably, which is odd to most people), I'll gather up a bunch of shots and then maybe make them into some thing—have varying shots be the visual score to a poet reading from her/his work. I got all this blurry footage down in Hyde Park of these worked over, corroded, graffiti-ed, and blotted-out murals and it turned out to be wonderful with this killer poem by George Kalamaras. I took this train station footage of the Monroe Street Station on the Red Line in the loop, and for some reason that, paired with an old old light switch on campus at University of Chicago or in the Seminary Bookstore—I can't remember which—turned out to be perfect for this poem called "From Left, to Right" by Lily Brown.

What's the appeal? What's the appeal of poetry and film? or the appeal of moving between them? Probably because they are so drastically different and when I've had time off from shooting and editing (time on with the writing) then I come back, especially to the editing console up in my little office, totally renewed—and I can work quickly, intuitively, energetically on a bunch of things at once. Then, vice versa: I come back to the page marked from all the film/video stuff and write differently then. At least it feels different: a bit more distant and awkwardly new.

11 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I have no routine. But when I'm in the midst of a new project I tend to rearrange my day to get my writing done. I've found that obstacles are particularly productive. I'm not a let's-sit-on-the-verandah-at-my-quaint-retreat writer, and I don't write much when I travel—just bits. Still, I've learned not to force myself to write everyday; I tend to write a lot very quickly when I'm clicking, so it's not something I necessarily need every day, or even every week. But there are times—right now—where all I want to do is get back to this new monster poem—

and unlike lots of other writers I know I'll deliberately put it off, the writing itself, then by the time I get to it (late at night, after coffee or black tea) I'm totally enthralled and focused and everything's quiet and my dog Bella's asleep and the phone's on silent. And I sleep late (when I can) and wake up and walk Bella and have coffee and get back to it right then or repeat that earlier step: stave it off all day, even several days until I'm sort of fanatical and want to work and work and work. It's a bizarre method, sort of like Žižek's writing (the author of what, two dozen+ books?)—he claims to hate writing, but convinces himself to "make notes" and then convinces himself just to "edit" and organize it into something, thereby surpassing any actual "writing." I relate to this thoroughly. Though, I don't necessarily hate writing. I like having material to work with, but you know you have to break a few eggs to make an omelet, to resort to a cliché I quite like!

A typical day....It's often different, but I make coffee and take Bella out for a long or short walk depending on the heat (if it's more than 80 degrees already then a short one) since I don't like the heat and she's easily fatigued, which is sort of hilarious. (A couple blocks and she comes back and has breakfast and then runs around for a couple minutes and goes back to bed!) Then I head to school; prepare for class; teach (usually my favorite part of the day); then come home and eat or cook something; read a bit; go on a long walk with my dog; and either go out with my friends, or more frequently lately, stay in to read (Tolstoy now), or go for a late coffee around the corner to a cafe on Fullerton and Orchard, and get back to the writing until 1 or 2am.

12 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I turn to some of my favorite books: Elizabeth Willis's Turneresque. I adore that book and have read it at least a dozen times. But it always seems new, unknown, totally (wonderfully) resistant to my reading. It seems, indefatigable—and I love it. Other books, too, of course. But I usually have to go to poetry (I have other favorite authors like Nabokov or Faulkner or Beckett) but usually I have to go back to my favorite books of poetry. Christopher Nealon's The Joyous Age is a new favorite of mine; that and John Yau's poems. What else? Lately O'Hara's letter poems, which are so hilarious and sad and lovely. All kinds of stuff; there are books all over the place, which has been a hassle every time I move—many will relate—but it's worth carting all those boxes again, and getting to re-unpack the library again. Sometimes I'll go back to something I haven't read since I was in college, like James Tate's second book, which I just re-read for the first time in maybe 10 years, and it's so good, so funny and odd and sad. Early Michael S. Harper poems. All kinds of stuff.

13 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Well, I can't say with respect to the new monster poem that I'm writing. I usually don't show or can't say much about my "in progress" work. But the project that will make up my fifth book—which I'm not yet sending out—that book is the Celan-constraint book, and it's tight small little poems (about as much text on the page as an Elizabeth Robinson poem) and made up of five longish (15-25 page) poems; it's comprised of terse, awkward line-breaks, and heaps of images that sort of flow together. I love it more than anything I've written and for that reason I feel sure that nobody will publish it! That sounds coy, but I actually feel serious. Though nobody finds it amusing or sympathetic when writers with several books out complain about their publishing tribulations—except other poets with a few books out! But maybe it should be like that, I don't know. I talk with Noah about this every week—and we both have books on a few different presses, which is fun and confusing and maddening, and maybe just part of the whole thing for poetry right now, unless you're Ashbery or Anne Carson. My early work (I'm thinking of Suspension) is more narrative and is a record of this attempt to write a straight forward poem, but having that totally break down. One voice—that the reader is invited to associate with the author's voice—becomes subsumed by all these other voice—there are nine or eleven other voices that take over and compete for attention in the book. Though I didn't necessarily set out to do that. My newer Celan-constraint book seems drastically different—plus there are three full books between them: a book of fragments gathered up and collaged together (Lug); a collaboratively written book that's pretty insane, with Noah of course; and a book of prose poems and fragmented poems, that seems like it's all from some unified world—so my Celan book seems drastically different than my first book.

14 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are thereany other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Yeah, this is huge. My first book came largely from five things: Egon Schiele's paintings; the landscapes of central Europe; Ludwig Wittgenstein's writings; Georg Trakl's poetry; and various other contemporary poets who were crucial to me at that time, like Susan Howe's early poems, Carolyn Forché's The Angel of History, and Cole Swensen's work, especially Noon and Such Rich Hour--which are still two of my favorite books. My second book is all fragments and draws on any number of visual artists: the way that Bacon painted Lucian Freud, and how Freud painted Bacon; Ron Mueck's sculptures; Eric Fischl's suburban paintings; and especially Susan Rothenberg's paintings from the 90s which are so stunning. The book started as just descriptive/ekphrastic poems done in conversation with a whole book of her paintings, one poem for each painting. That was the beginning of Lug. And there are parts where if you hold the text up to the painting, it's just a plain description—though I hope the fragments work on their own as well. Writing Figures for a Darkroom Voice with Noah was probably just me responding to Noah! His writing is often very dense, lots of complex sentences, lots of chandeliers and helicopters and stuff like that; I don't care for helicopters or chandeliers (I hate chandeliers! Why?! Who knows!). So that book is probably me just trying to navigate Noah's twisty lines and sentences which I didn't fully appreciate until we wrote together, sitting at a cafe working in a notebook, day after day after day for months (as an aside, I once advised Sasha Steensen's MFA workshop students at Colorado State to never write a book with Noah, because he'll make you finish it! I've never met anybody with half the dedication, passion, and full-on life for poetry he has—the haters can go back to America's Next Top Model or whatever)--but another secret is that I would have the dictionary open a lot of the time while Noah was writing his line (we traded) and I'd find good words (like quorum or butcher birds) to weave into my passages; plus we'd read David Shapiro and Elizabeth Willis's first two books, and Martha Ronk's In a Landscape of Having to Repeat, and all kinds of other stuff. My fourth book I wanted to be a response to other living poets, and not write it on big sheets of paper (which I did with my first two books) or write it with Noah (!!!) which I did after I wrote my third book, but that book still hasn't come out so they get re-numbered.... The Book of Whispering in the Projection Booth (which'll hopefully be out in 08 or 09) was based on the structure of Karen Volkman's book Spar. That failed, as I mentioned earlier—a failure that happens with most constraints I think will be generative, but I wrote it on my kitchen table on my laptop, and it's a kind of response to Eric Baus' The To Sound, Spar, Christine Hume's Alaskaphrenia, Turneresque, and a few other books, mostly prose poems, though not all. Just books I fell in love with and spent a lot of time reading and teaching. It's also a response to all the Antonioni films I was watching, mostly La Notte, which is my favorite and I watched it about 22 times when I was writing that book. I don't know what the newest book is a response to. I feel like it's a response to Mathias Svalina's Above the Fold poems, and Frank Stanford's The Battlefield Where the Moon Says I Love You, but I had finished writing the book before I encountered either of those....so I don't know.

15 - What other writers or writings are important for your work, or simply your life outside of your work?

See #'s 1-14. And Dickinson and Ulysses and Charles Brockden Brown's Edgar Huntley, or Memoirs of a Sleepwalker. One of my all time favorite books.

16 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

I'd like to live in Poland; spend time in South America; go on trips in Antarctica and the Arctic with Solan (that's his job, going to Greenland to look for the narwhal and whatnot); there are heaps and heaps of places I'd like to get to and many (like Lithuania, Helsinki, Southeast Asia) that I'd like to get back to....I'd like to write all the books that I haven't yet written or even thought of, that sounds like fun. Doesn't Barthes have a list of all the books he wanted to write? I'd like to make a list like that and then write them all. I can't imagine anything better.

17 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I love being a filmmaker and a teacher and a poet all at once. I probably love teaching more than the other two, but I'm in a wretched state if I am deprived of writing poems for too long, oddly. But on a daily basis I like teaching better; it's the best job I can imagine, getting to talk about books, poems, writing, literature, big questions, and little questions with interested people for a better part of the day. I like Antonioni's response when he was asked, in a world without film, what would you have become? and he said, "A filmmaker." Much as I try to deprive myself of writing—these petty games of staving it off, or convincing myself I'm only "editing" or "making notes" like Žižek—it feels like a terrible necessity that I cannot do without for extended periods.

18 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Everything else is exterior to it and inscribes itself into it.

19 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

I'm reading War and Peace right now; it's great. I loved the "Auto-bug-offery" they assembled as The Way It Wasn't from James Laughlin's notes. I couldn't put that book down. The letters between Bill Berkson and Bernadette Mayer (What's Your Idea of a Good Time?) are fantastic; a little chapbook of drawings by Brian Calvin and poems by Devin Johnston called Looking Out that I got from SPD is beautifully done by LVNG; and—just one more, though I can think of a bunch more—Lorine Niedecker's Paean to Place that Woodland Pattern and Light & Dust published from her handwriting is so lovely, I keep reading and re-reading it. I love handwriting so much. I think somebody should make a journal of handwriting, of poets' and their handwriting—or has this already happened?

20 - What are you currently working on?

A monster poem. It's going to be big; it's going to be very, very big, but I'm going to work on it for years. My old friend Tim from Seattle sent me a book on playwriting, so I think I'm going to write a play too, if I can do that at the same time as the monster poem. I also wrote some stories in grad school that I quickly put down; and I'd like to go back to them; and Julie Doxsee and I have been writing collaborative poems which are pretty wild…And Noah and I are working on a tour, ten days in the Midwest: Indiana, Ohio, Upstate New York, Michigan, Chicago, and three or four of those dates with Joyelle McSweeney and Johannes Goransson, two of my favorite people. That's next month! And a bunch more readings in the spring with Noah, and hopefully the Califone film will be out next year. It's going to be called Made a Machine by Describing the Landscape. Then I'd like to go on tour with Neko Case or Cass McCombs or Rachel's or all of them together.

12 or 20 questions archive

12 or 20 questions: with Ian Roy

Ian Roy was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada in 1970. His first book, The Longest Winter was a collaboration with Julie Doiron. That book was published in 1999. Ian’s next book, People Leaving, was short-listed for both the Upper Canada Writers’ Craft Award and the City of Ottawa Book Award when it came out in 2003. Red Bird, Ian’s third book, is a collection of poems published by BuschekBooks in 2007.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

I guess it didn’t.

2 - How long have you lived in Ottawa, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I will answer this loaded question in 3 parts.

Part One: I was born in Ottawa, but left the city (and the province) within days of my birth. The details regarding this move are murky. Not a lot is known about this time in my life. Family records suggest I was whisked away to a remote village in rural Quebec, where I was eventually schooled. So to speak. My passport from this period, however, tells a very different story.

Part Two: I write a lot about leaving places behind, moving from one place to another. Geography, then, becomes blurred: like watching the landscape pass by from the window of a car or train. That’s how I see geography impacting my work: here it comes, there it goes.

Part Three: Race? Gender? These things definitely have an impact on my work. It would be impossible not to let that happen. However, that said, it is a subtle impact, and not something I often address directly, but rather more obliquely. That’s just me: what with being white and male and straight and right-handed and slim and all that…

3 - Where does a poem or piece of fiction usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

A poem or story, for me, often begins with an image: either something I actually see or just something I remember or imagine: but an image. For example, I once saw a man dressed from head to toe in denim. Next thing I know, I’ve written a story containing just such a man. Amazing.

And, oh, from very early on, I do conceive of the work as a book. That’s what keeps me going.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

As I answer these questions, I am hours away from doing a reading at the I.V. Lounge in Toronto. I used to love doing readings; lately, it’s a chore. The book I’m reading from, or ‘promoting’, if you will, is a collection of poems (Red Bird). I think I just hate giving poetry readings. I’d much rather be a stand-up comic. So, to answer your question: public readings run counter to my creative process.

5 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

Essentially difficult. But still essential. I’ve been lucky, actually, and the press that put out my last two books (BuschekBooks) is excellent and is run by excellent people. It has been a very good experience.

6 - After having published more than a couple of titles over the years, do you find the process of book-making harder or easier?

Hard every time.

7 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Two days ago. Sliced. I don’t eat the seeds like some people I know. Why do you ask?

8 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

“Just say no.”

9 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

I’ve been writing both poetry and fiction from the beginning. I don’t see one as more appealing than the other. But it’s the subject that determines what I’m going to write. So, I just follow along, like an over-determined school-boy.

10 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I have two children. So, there is no typical day. I write when I can: usually this means I write after I’ve put the kids to bed and cleaned up. Of course, they go to bed at four o’clock in the afternoon.

11 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

Music. Film. Art. Books. I also ride my bike around to think and get “juiced,” if you’ll allow the phrase.

12 - How does your most recent book compare to your previous work? How does it feel different?

Well, the new one, Red Bird, is poetry and the last one, People Leaving, is short fiction. The one before that, The Longest Winter, was, um, I don’t know what you’d call it. But it was something else altogether.

Despite the superficial differences, however, I visit and revisit a lot of the same, happy themes and subject matter in all of my work: dead animals, loss, leaving, the end of things. I like to look on the bright side of life.

13 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

I believe David McFadden to be absolutely right. But I also believe that books comes from everywhere and everything: it is hard not to be influenced by every little thing, in some small way. So, from books, for sure. I love books; I write books because of all the books I have loved.

I’m also very lucky to have friends who make art: and they, or more precisely, their work influences me in many ways. For example, music (Snailhouse), visual art (Jon Claytor), writing (Rita Donovan), film (Andrea Dorfman), to name but a few.

(I mostly did that to see how you’d hyperlink all of those, rob. Because you are amazing at that.)

14 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Make a living at this.

15 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I really have no idea. And I’m not trying to be a smart aleck here.

16 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

See above. For both points.

17 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

The last great book I read: Last Night by James Salter. Wow. Stunning. A really beautiful and devastating book of stories.

The last great film I saw: Away From Her. It blew me away in the subtlest of ways. Beautiful.

18 - What are you currently working on?

I’m currently working on another book. Also working on videos for the Chapter Project at www.ianroy.ca/chapter_project.html and planning to make a short film in the spring/summer.

Monday, September 10, 2007

12 or 20 questions: with Rob Winger

Rob Winger grew up in a tiny Ontario town, and has since lived in eastern Canada and Asia. His work has been published in literary journals across the country, and selections from his first poetry collection, Muybridge’s Horse (Nightwood Editions, 2007), won first prize for poetry in English in the 2003 CBC Literary Awards judged by P.K. Page, Dionne Brand and George Bowering. Currently at work at a doctoral degree in English and cultural studies, Winger lives with his family in Ottawa, Ontario, where he skates to work each winter. He is also an associate editor of Ottawa's Arc poetry magazine.

1 - How did your first book change your life?

Well, my first book’s only been out since May, and my life really hasn’t really changed much since then, though getting it published has finally allowed me to put my thoughts on Eadweard Muybridge to rest, thank God. Have been carrying him around for years now!

2 - How long have you lived in Ottawa, and how does geography, if at all, impact on your writing? Does race or gender make any impact on your work?

I’ve been here for about four years, and was here for another year back around 2000. Location, gender, race – all these categories impact everything that everyone writes, I think, though I wouldn’t say that any of them have taken over as my main mode of or reason for writing, despite my hopes that what I’m doing is ethically informed. Probably geography has the most direct impact, whether I know it or not – I keep on writing landscape poems even though I hate almost all of them!

3 - Where does a poem usually begin for you? Are you an author of short pieces that end up combining into a larger project, or are you working on a "book" from the very beginning?

Neither and both. It depends on what the project is. Usually, I have no idea what I’m doing until I start, and then the form of the project takes shape and I can work with it as I go. At other times, I have a specific idea, problem, form, whatever in mind when I start, and use that as a limit out of and against which to write. For the Muybridge poems, for example, the historical record was my form and my limit – how I wrote through and against it was one of the main challenges of the book.

4 - Are public readings part of or counter to your creative process?

Neither, really. Except if the reader is particularly moving. A few of the things George Bowering said at his reading with you in Ottawa last year have stuck, for example, and I find myself thinking them through, and having his seemingly casual poetics influence how I think about new work. I often find the interviews and the Q & A’s more interesting than the actual readings, since I tend to work through poems slowly, with breaks, with space to think, and hearing them all in one go tends to confuse me (I have the same problem understanding if someone spells something aloud!). IF, however, you mean GIVING readings, that’s something I really quite like. Being forced to consider my own work, and to practice it aloud is a real privilege, especially since it makes me immediately critical and curious about the things I’ve done – two elements easier to achieve in the shared space of a reading than in the solitary space of writing.

5 - Do you find the process of working with an outside editor difficult or essential (or both)?

Both. But, this is such a broad question I’m not sure how to answer it. If the reader/editor has a good ear and tells the truth and wants to get the same things out of a poem as I do, it’s almost always essential.

6 - When was the last time you ate a pear?

Today, for lunch. Ontario-grown. Juicy.

7 - What is the best piece of advice you've heard (not necessarily given to you directly)?

“Keep your stick on the ice.”

8 - How easy has it been for you to move between genres (poetry to non-fiction)? What do you see as the appeal?

In most respects, I think these kind of divisions aren’t very useful. Seems to me that there’s really only two kinds of writing: good and bad. Who cares what kind of label might be imposed upon it? And I think most poetry is non-fiction, really, but gets categorized on how heavily the poem draws on scenario, narrative, self-proclaimed experiment, prose, etc. So, I don’t worry too much that everything I used to write ended up being a first-person, narrative-driven, lyric poem because I also work on other kinds of writing. As bpNichol once said, you only really need to get worried if you get stuck in your own form, only if your form doesn’t evolve. That’s true, I think.

9 - What kind of writing routine do you tend to keep, or do you even have one? How does a typical day (for you) begin?

I’m not sure I HAVE a writing routine, except when I set aside a week or two to concentrate on a particular project that’s built up some momentum, or seems to need attention just then. I remember a few concentrated weeks like this – one on Koh Tao in southern Thailand, another at the office here in Ottawa, another earlier one on the train heading west… Otherwise, my days normally begin with a call from my four-year-old son to get up and play. After blocks and breakfast, I go to work, buy the groceries, and hopefully ideas take on relationships somewhere in the process.

10 - When your writing gets stalled, where do you turn or return for (for lack of a better word) inspiration?

I don’t particularly espouse any kind of set poetic ideology, but my own writing practice HAS grown out of (and against) that old, Wordsworthian notion of recollecting moving moments in tranquility. I don’t generally buy into this kind of poet-as-uber-legislator stuff, but it does seem true that an impulse to write comes on all of a sudden for me, and that if I don’t follow it I get pretty grouchy. But, if I do follow those impulses, it allows the essential work of editing and intentional shaping to open up the piece to a whole different set of methodologies… So, I suppose that the best answer to this kind of stalling is time and space. I think I spend less time actively seeking out a way to write than letting ideas steep, slowly shifting and relating to each other, and eventually taking on meaning and resolution. I remember a calculus teacher once telling our class that mathematical problems also work this way, that if you just let the formula and variables haunt your daily routines for a while, you’ll sit bolt upright in bed one night and suddenly know the right way to use the numbers.

11 - David W. McFadden once said that books come from books, but are there any other forms that influence your work, whether nature, music, science or visual art?

Oh, sure. All of these things, and the lives and scenes and ideas that were the seeds for them to get made into art in the first place. Remember last year when you read with George Bowering and he said that, for him, reading and writing were the same process, involved the same kind of creative energies? I think that’s true, if the writing’s good, and the two tend to feed off of one another. The same is true, for me, for great music or art or landscapes or whatever. So, I suppose I think that READING good writing is really the best teacher and catalyst for writing. I remember showing some early, terrible poems to one of my English professors way back when, and his response stuck: “well”, he said, diplomatically, choosing words carefully, “ I think what you really need to do is go out and read more poetry”. Was he right!

12 - What would you like to do that you haven't yet done?

Finish my damned doctoral dissertation!

13 - If you could pick any other occupation to attempt, what would it be? Or, alternately, what do you think you would have ended up doing had you not been a writer?

I’d be the foreman of a crate factory or a failed, minor-league left winger.

14 - What made you write, as opposed to doing something else?

Well, when I applied to university I was too lazy to put together a portfolio of drawings in order to apply for a studio art program. I guess that would be my pivotal moment of personal artistic history. It was easier to apply for English.

15 - What was the last great book you read? What was the last great film?

I’ve spent the last couple of years reading a bunch of classic Canadian longpoems, so it’s tough to name just one. That being said, I’ve recently re-re-read Phyllis Webb’s Naked Poems, and it’s just beyond praise. That one and a little chapbook by bpNichol called “You Too, Nicky” are the ones that stick out most recently. The last film that had a similar effect for me, for different reasons, was the first James Bond film, “Dr. No”. Please tell me you’ve seen it…

16 - What are you currently working on?

One thing I’m thinking about is how to assemble a poetic miscellany that uses the important subjects commonly invoked in them without resorting to clichés or predictable, naïve treatments of complex ideas. Another is teaching my son Davis to play catch a baseball; he already hits better than I do...